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How Global Central Banks are Responding to COVID-19, in One Chart

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Central Bank Policy COVID-19

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How Global Central Banks are Responding to COVID-19

When times get tough, central banks typically act as the first line of defense.

However, modern economies are incredibly complexโ€”and calamities like the 2008 financial crisis have already pushed traditional policy tools to their limits. In response, some central banks have turned to newer, more unconventional strategies such as quantitative easing and negative interest rates to do their work.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, central banks are once again taking decisive action. To help us understand whatโ€™s being done, todayโ€™s infographic uses data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to compare the policy responses of 29 systemically important economies.

The Central Bank Toolkit

To begin, here are brief descriptions of each policy, which the IMF sorts into four categories:

1. Monetary Policies

Policies designed to control the money supply and promote stable economic growth.

Policy NameIntended Effect
Policy rate cutsStimulates economic activity by decreasing the cost of borrowing
Central bank liquidity supportProvides distressed markets with additional liquidity, often in the form of loans
Central bank swap linesAgreements between the U.S. Fed and foreign central banks to enhance the provision of U.S. dollar liquidity
Central bank asset purchase schemesUses newly-created currency to buy large quantities of financial assets, such as government bonds. This increases the money supply and decreases longer-term rates

2. External Policies

Policies designed to mitigate the effects of external economic shocks.

Policy NameIntended Effect
Foreign currency interventionStabilizes the national currency by intervening in the foreign exchange market
Capital flow measuresRestrictions, such as tariffs and volume limits, on the flow of foreign capital in and out of a country

3. Financial Policies for Banks

Policies designed to support the banking system in times of distress.

Policy NameIntended Effect
Easing of the countercyclical capital bufferA reduction in the amount of liquid assets required to protect banks against cyclical risks
Easing of systemic risk or domestic capital bufferA reduction in the amount of liquid assets required to protect banks against unforeseen risks
Use of capital buffersAllows banks to use their capital buffers to enhance relief measures
Use of liquidity buffersAllows banks to use their liquidity buffers to meet unexpected cash flow needs
Adjustments to loan loss provision requirementsThe level of provisions required to protect banks against borrower defaults are eased

4. Financial Policies for Borrowers

Policies designed to improve access to capital as well as provide relief for borrowers.

Policy NameIntended Effect
State loans or credit guaranteesEnsures businesses of all sizes have adequate access to capital
Restructuring of loan terms or moratorium on paymentsProvides borrowers with financial assistance by altering terms or deferring payments

Putting Policies Into Practice

Let’s take a closer look at how these policy tools are being applied in the real world, particularly in the context of how central banks are battling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

1. Monetary Policies

So far, many central banks have enacted expansionary monetary policies to boost slowing economies throughout the pandemic.

One widely used tool has been policy rate cuts, or cuts to interest rates. The theory behind rate cuts is relatively straightforwardโ€”a central bank places downward pressure on short-term interest rates, decreasing the overall cost of borrowing. This ideally stimulates business investment and consumer spending.

If short-term rates are already near zero, reducing them further may have little to no effect. For this reason, central banks have leaned on asset purchase schemes (quantitative easing) to place downward pressure on longer-term rates. This policy has been a cornerstone of the U.S. Federal Reserveโ€™s (Fed) COVID-19 response, in which newly-created currency is used to buy hundreds of billions of dollars of assets such as government bonds.

When the media says the Fed is โ€œprinting moneyโ€, this is what theyโ€™re actually referring to.

2. External Policies

External policies were less relied upon by the systemically important central banks covered in today’s graphic.

Thatโ€™s because foreign currency interventions, central bank operations designed to influence exchange rates, are typically used by developing economies only. This is likely due to the higher exchange rate volatility experienced by these types of economies.

For example, as investors flee emerging markets, Brazil has seen its exchange rate (BRL/USD) tumble 30% this year.

In an attempt to prevent further depreciation, the Central Bank of Brazil has used its foreign currency reserves to increase the supply of USD in the open market. These measures include purchases of $8.8B in USD-denominated Brazilian government bonds.

3. Financial Policies for Banks

Central banks are often tasked with regulating the commercial banking industry, meaning they have the authority to ease restrictions during economic crises.

One option is to ease the countercyclical capital buffer. During periods of economic growth (and increased lending), banks must accumulate reserves as a safety net for when the economy eventually contracts. Easing this restriction can allow them to increase their lending capacity.

Banks need to be in a position to continue financing households and corporates experiencing temporary difficulties.

โ€”Andrea Enria, Chair of the ECB Supervisory Board

The European Central Bank (ECB) is a large proponent of these policies. In March, it also allowed its supervised banks to make use of their liquidity buffersโ€”liquid assets held by a bank to protect against unexpected cash flow needs.

4. Financial Policies for Borrowers

Borrowers have also received significant support. In the U.S., government-sponsored mortgage companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have announced several COVID-19 relief measures:

  • Deferred payments for 12 months
  • Late fees waived
  • Suspended foreclosures and evictions for 60 days

The U.S. Fed has also created a number of facilities to support the flow of credit, including:

  • Primary Market Corporate Credit Facility: Purchasing bonds directly from highly-rated corporations to help them sustain their operations.
  • Main Street Lending: Purchasing new or expanded loans from small and mid-sized businesses. Businesses with up to 15,000 employees or up to $5B in annual revenue are eligible.
  • Municipal Liquidity Facility: Purchasing short-term debt directly from state and municipal governments. Counties with at least 500,000 residents and cities with at least 250,000 residents are eligible.

Longer-term Implications

Central bank responses to COVID-19 have been wide-reaching, to say the least. Yet, some of these policies come at the cost of burgeoning debt-levels, and critics are alarmed.

In Europe, the ECB has come under scrutiny for its asset purchases since 2015. A ruling from Germanyโ€™s highest court labeled the program illegal, claiming it disadvantages German taxpayers (Germany makes larger contributions to the ECB than other member states). This ruling is not concerned with pandemic-related asset purchases, but it does present implications for future use.

The U.S. Fed, which runs a similar program, has seen its balance sheet swell to nearly $7 trillion since the outbreak. Implications include a growing reliance on the Fed to fund government programs, and the high difficulty associated with safely reducing these holdings.

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Markets

World Beer Index 2021: What’s the Beer Price in Your Country?

The global desire for beer prevails even in a pandemic. These maps compare the average beer price in 58 countriesโ€”just how much do we drink?

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What’s the Beer Price in Your Country?

View the high resolution of this infographic by clicking here.

Although fewer people have been able to grab a beer at the pub during this pandemic, the global desire for beer prevails. For example, sales of the Corona beer actually shot up in the past year, despiteโ€”or perhaps because ofโ€”associations with the coronavirus.

This World Beer Index from Expensivity compares the average price of a bottle of beer in 58 countries in a detailed map. Additionally, we show which countries spend the most on beer per capita, and just how much beer people really drink.

Pricey Pints: The Average Beer Price

Researchers calculated the average price of a typical bottle of beer (330ml, just shy of a pint) from well known brands via online stores and statistics database Numbeo. In addition, local beer prices were pulled from hotel and bar menus, and average values converted to USD.

In Qatar, youโ€™d have to shell out $11.26 for a single beer, which would surely make for a really expensive night out on the town. In part, this is because in 2019, the Muslim-majority country introduced a 100% excise tax on top the previous sales price of all alcohol imports.

These steep prices are aimed at touristsโ€”and with Qatar hosting the 2022 menโ€™s soccer World Cup, there’ll be thousands of visitors in the country looking for a cold one at any price.

RankCountryCapital CityAverage Price of a Beer
1South AfricaPretoria, Bloemfontein, Cape Town$1.68
2UkraineKyiv$1.76
3ArgentinaBuenos Aires$1.79
4Bosnia And HerzegovinaSarajevo$1.96
5GhanaAccra$2.05
6TunisiaTunis$2.09
7GeorgiaTbilisi$2.30
8North MacedoniaSkopje$2.34
9ChileSantiago$2.40
10Czech Republic (Czechia)Prague$2.49
11RwandaKigali$2.52
12BrazilBrasilia$2.52
13HaitiPort Au Prince$2.66
14ColombiaBogota$2.72
15SpainMadrid$2.74
16PanamaPanama City$2.74
17Sri LankaColombo$2.77
18HungaryBudapest$2.84
19ArmeniaYerevan$2.96
20IndonesiaJakarta$3.17
21AzerbaijanBaku$3.18
22GuyanaGeorgetown$3.39
23BoliviaSanta Cruz$3.42
24KazakhstanNur-Sultan$3.44
25BelgiumBrussels$3.47
26TurkeyIstanbul$3.61
27MaltaValletta$3.65
28BelarusMinsk$3.72
29EgyptCairo$3.80
30IndiaNew Delhi$3.90
31CanadaOttawa$3.96
32AustriaVienna$3.99
33WalesCardiff$4.06
34NepalKathmandu$4.13
35ScotlandEdinburgh$4.18
36GreeceAthens$4.25
37PhilippinesManila$4.25
38PolandWarsaw$4.37
39MexicoMexcio City$4.46
40LithuaniaVilnius$4.55
41South KoreaSeoul$4.56
42NetherlandsAmsterdam$4.60
43GermanyBerlin$4.64
44MalaysiaKuala Lumpur$4.74
45United StatesWashington D.C.$4.75
46ThailandBangkok$4.82
47PortugalLisbon$5.06
48RussiaMoscow$5.08
49SingaporeSingapore$5.17
50DenmarkCopenhagen$5.20
51ItalyRome$5.83
52EnglandLondon$5.97
53JapanTokyo$6.16
54SwitzerlandBern$6.23
55FranceParis$6.39
56ChinaBeijing$7.71
57JordanAmman$9.40
58QatarDoha$11.26

At just $1.68 per bottle, South Africa has the lowest average beer price thanks at least partially to cultural norms of buying in bulk.

Cashing In: The Per Capita Spend on Beer

The price of a single beer is one thing, but which countries spend the most on beer itself? Germany unsurprisingly tops the list here with nearly $2,000 of expenditures per capita, bolstered by its strong beer culture and annual Oktoberfest celebration.

Germany also prides itself on the purity of its beerโ€”the vast majority of brewers follow the Reinheitsgebot, centuries-old purity laws that broadly state that beer may contain only three ingredients: water, barley, and hops.

World Beer Index 2021 - Per Capita Spend on Beer 820px
View the high resolution of this infographic by clicking here.

Following closely behind is Poland, which spends $1,738 per capita. Meanwhile, the U.S. ranks eighth in the world for the highest spending on beer per capita at $1,554โ€”beer is also the countryโ€™s most popular alcoholic beverage.

Getting Boozy: How Much Beer Do People Drink?

Using data from the World Health Organization, the visualization below also digs into how much beer is consumed around the world per capita.

The Czech Republic emerges on top in this regard, with 468 beers on average in a yearโ€”that works out to 1.3 beers per day. Spain and Germany are next with 417 and 411 beers, respectively.

World Beer Index 2021 - Per Capita Beer Consumption 820px
View the high resolution of this infographic by clicking here.

On the flip side, people in Haiti only drink about four beers yearly. This may be because they prefer something a little strongerโ€”97% of alcohol consumption in the nation comes from spirits such as rum.

Beer has been around for over 7,000 years. No matter the beer price in your country, itโ€™s worth raising a glass to the timelessness of this humble beverage.

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The Population of China in Perspective

China is the world’s most populous country. But how does the population of China compare to the rest of the world?

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population of china

The Population of China in Perspective

China is the worldโ€™s most populous country with an astounding 1.44 billion citizens. Altogether, the size of the population of China is larger than nearly four regions combined: South America, Europe (excluding Russia), the U.S. & Canada, and Australia & New Zealand.

Using data from the United Nations, this unconventional map reveals the comparative size of China’s population next to a multitude of other countries.

Note: To keep the visualization easy to read, we’ve simplified the shapes representing countries. For example, although we’ve included Alaska and Hawaii in U.S. population totals, the U.S. is represented by the contiguous states map only.

A Historical Perspective

Looking at history, the population of China has more than doubled since the 1950s. The country was the first in the world to hit one billion people in 1980.

However, in 1979, in an attempt to control the burgeoning population, the infamous one-child policy was introduced, putting controls on how many children Chinese citizens could have.

While the government eventually recognized the negative implications of this policy, it appeared to be too little, too late. The two-child policy was introduced in 2016, but it has not yet reversed the current slowdown inย population growth.

YearChina's Population (Millions)Annual Rate of Growth (%)Median AgeFertility Rate
1955612.22.00%22.26.11
1960660.41.53%21.35.48
1965724.21.86%19.86.15
1970827.62.70%19.36.30
1975926.22.28%20.34.85
19801,000.11.55%21.93.01
19851,075.61.47%23.52.52
19901,176.91.82%24.92.73
19951,240.91.07%27.41.83
20001,290.60.79%30.01.62
20051,330.80.62%32.61.61
20101,368.80.57%35.01.62
20151,406.80.55%36.71.64
20161,414.00.51%37.01.65
20171,421.00.49%37.01.65
20181,427.60.47%37.01.65
20191,433.80.43%37.01.65
20201,439.30.39%38.41.69

The fertility rate has been consistently falling from over 6 births per woman in 1955 to 1.69 in 2020. Today, the median age in China is 38 years old, rising from 22 in 1955. Longer life spans and fewer births form a demographic trend that has many social and economic implications.

Overall, Chinaโ€™s young population is becoming scarcer, meaning that the domestic labor market will eventually begin shrinking. Additionally, the larger share of elderly citizens will require publicly-funded resources, resulting in a heavier societal and financial burden.

Strength in Numbers

Despite these trends, however, Chinaโ€™s current population remains massive, constituting almost 20% of the worldโ€™s total population. Right now 71% of the Chinese population is between the ages of 15 and 65 years old, meaning that the labor supply is still immense.

Here are the populations of 65 countries from various regions of the worldโ€”and added together, you’ll see they still fall short of the population of China:

CountryPopulation Region
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ U.S.331,002,651North America
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Canada37,742,154North America
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil212,559,417South America
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ด Colombia50,882,891South America
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ท Argentina45,195,774South America
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ช Peru32,971,854South America
๐Ÿ‡ป๐Ÿ‡ช Venezuela28,435,940South America
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Chile19,116,201South America
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ Ecuador17,643,054South America
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ด Bolivia11,673,021South America
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡พ Paraguay7,132,538South America
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡พ Uruguay3,473,730South America
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡พ Guyana786,552South America
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ท Suriname586,632South America
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ซ French Guyana298,682South America
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Falkland Islands3,480South America
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Australia25,499,884Oceania
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฟ New Zealand4,822,233Oceania
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Germany83,783,942Europe
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท France65,273,511Europe
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Netherlands17,134,872Europe
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช Belgium11,589,623Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡น Austria9,006,398Europe
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ญ Switzerland8,654,622Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ Luxembourg625,978Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡จ Monaco39,242Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Liechtenstein38,128Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy60,461,826Europe
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Spain46,754,778Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท Greece10,423,054Europe
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Portugal10,196,709Europe
๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ธ Serbia8,737,371Europe
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ท Croatia4,105,267Europe
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฆ Bosnia and Herzegovina3,280,819Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Albania2,877,797Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฐ North Macedonia2,083,374Europe
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Slovenia2,078,938Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ช Montenegro628,066Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡น Malta441,543Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Andorra77,265Europe
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฒ San Marino33,931Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Gibraltar33,691Europe
๐Ÿ‡ป๐Ÿ‡ฆ Vatican City801Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom67,886,011Europe
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช Sweden10,099,265Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Denmark5,792,202Europe
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Finland5,540,720Europe
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ด Norway5,421,241Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ช Ireland4,937,786Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น Lithuania2,722,289Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ป Latvia1,886,198Europe
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช Estonia1,326,535Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ธ Iceland341,243Europe
Channel Islands173,863Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Isle of Man85,033Europe
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ด Faroe Islands48,863Europe
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Ukraine43,733,762Europe
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฑ Poland37,846,611Europe
๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ด Romania19,237,691Europe
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Czechia10,708,981Europe
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ Hungary9,660,351Europe
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡พ Belarus9,449,323Europe
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฌ Bulgaria6,948,445Europe
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Slovakia5,459,642Europe
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Moldova4,033,963Europe
Total1,431,528,252

To break it down even further, here’s a look at the population of each of the regions listed above:

  • Australia and New Zealand: 30.3 million
  • Europe (excluding Russia): 601.7 million
  • South America: 430.8 million
  • The U.S. and Canada: 368.7 million

Combined their population is 1.432 billion compared to China’s 1.439 billion.

Overall, the population of China has few comparables. India is one exception, with a population of 1.38 billion. As a continent, Africa comes in close as well at 1.34 billion people. Here’s a breakdown of Africa’s population for further comparison.

CountryPopulation Region
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Nigeria206,139,589Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ญ Ghana31,072,940Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Cรดte d'Ivoire26,378,274Africa
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ช Niger24,206,644Africa
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ Burkina Faso20,903,273Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Mali20,250,833Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Senegal16,743,927Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ณ Guinea13,132,795Africa
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฏ Benin12,123,200Africa
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ฌ Togo8,278,724Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Sierra Leone7,976,983Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ท Liberia5,057,681Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ท Mauritania4,649,658Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Gambia2,416,668Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ผ Guinea-Bissau1,968,001Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ป Cabo Verde555,987Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ญ Saint Helena6,077Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ South Africa59,308,690Africa
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Namibia2,540,905Africa
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ผ Botswana2,351,627Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ธ Lesotho2,142,249Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Eswatini1,160,164Africa
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ฌ Egypt102,334,404Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Algeria43,851,044Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Sudan43,849,260Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Morocco36,910,560Africa
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ณ Tunisia11,818,619Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡พ Libya6,871,292Africa
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ญ Western Sahara597,339Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Democratic Republic of the Congo89,561,403Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ด Angola32,866,272Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Cameroon26,545,863Africa
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ฉ Chad16,425,864Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Congo5,518,087Africa
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ซ Central African Republic4,829,767Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Gabon2,225,734Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ถ Equatorial Guinea1,402,985Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡น Sao Tome and Principe219,159Africa
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡น Ethiopia114,963,588Africa
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ฟ Tanzania59,734,218Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ช Kenya53,771,296Africa
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Uganda45,741,007Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Mozambique31,255,435Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Madagascar27,691,018Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ผ Malawi19,129,952Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Zambia18,383,955Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ด Somalia15,893,222Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ผ Zimbabwe14,862,924Africa
๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ผ Rwanda12,952,218Africa
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฎ Burundi11,890,784Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ South Sudan11,193,725Africa
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ท Eritrea3,546,421Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡บ Mauritius1,271,768Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฏ Djibouti988,000Africa
๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ช Rรฉunion895,312Africa
๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Comoros869,601Africa
๐Ÿ‡พ๐Ÿ‡น Mayotte272,815Africa
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡จ Seychelles98,347Africa
Total1,340,598,147

Future Outlook on the Population of China

Whether or not Chinaโ€™s population growth is slowing appears to be less relevant when looking at its sheer size. While India is expected to match the country’s population by 2026, China will remain one of the worldโ€™s largest economic powerhouses regardless.

It is estimated, however, that the population of China will drop below one billion people by the year 2100โ€”bumping the nation to third place in the ranking of the worldโ€™s most populous countries. At the same time, it’s possible that China’s economic dominance may be challenged by these same demographic tailwinds as time moves forward.

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