Misc
Visualizing Women’s Economic Rights Around the World
Visualizing Women’s Economic Rights in Each Country
In recent years, many economies have made women’s rights a priority by eliminating job restrictions, working to reduce the gender wage gap, or changing legislation related to marriage and parenthood.
Still, many laws continue to inhibit women’s ability to enter the workforce or start a business—and even to travel outside their homes in the same way as men. In fact, on average globally, women have just three-quarters of the economic rights of men.
This map uses data from the Women, Business and Law 2021 report by the World Bank, to visualize women’s economic rights around the world.
Legal Protections
According to the World Bank, only 10 countries offer full legal protections to women, and all of them are in the Northern Hemisphere.
In ranking countries, the institution considers indicators like equal remuneration, legal rights, and mobility. A score of 100 means that women are on equal legal standing with men across all areas measured.
Rank | Country/Territory | Score |
---|---|---|
1 | Belgium | 100.0 |
1 | Canada | 100.0 |
1 | Denmark | 100.0 |
1 | France | 100.0 |
1 | Iceland | 100.0 |
1 | Ireland | 100.0 |
1 | Latvia | 100.0 |
1 | Luxembourg | 100.0 |
1 | Portugal | 100.0 |
1 | Sweden | 100.0 |
2 | Estonia | 97.5 |
2 | Finland | 97.5 |
2 | Germany | 97.5 |
2 | Greece | 97.5 |
2 | Italy | 97.5 |
2 | Netherlands | 97.5 |
2 | New Zealand | 97.5 |
2 | Spain | 97.5 |
2 | United Kingdom | 97.5 |
3 | Australia | 96.9 |
3 | Austria | 96.9 |
3 | Hungary | 96.9 |
3 | Norway | 96.9 |
3 | Slovenia | 96.9 |
4 | Peru | 95.0 |
5 | Paraguay | 94.4 |
6 | Croatia | 93.8 |
6 | Czech Republic | 93.8 |
6 | Lithuania | 93.8 |
6 | Poland | 93.8 |
6 | Serbia | 93.8 |
7 | Kosovo | 91.9 |
7 | Mauritius | 91.9 |
8 | Albania | 91.3 |
8 | Cyprus | 91.3 |
8 | Taiwan, China | 91.3 |
8 | United States | 91.3 |
9 | Bulgaria | 90.6 |
9 | Romania | 90.6 |
10 | Ecuador | 89.4 |
10 | Hong Kong, China | 89.4 |
11 | Bolivia | 88.8 |
11 | El Salvador | 88.8 |
11 | Malta | 88.8 |
11 | Mexico | 88.8 |
11 | Uruguay | 88.8 |
12 | Lao PDR | 88.1 |
12 | Montenegro | 88.1 |
12 | South Africa | 88.1 |
13 | Guyana | 86.9 |
13 | Zimbabwe | 86.9 |
14 | Cabo Verde | 86.3 |
14 | Dominican Republic | 86.3 |
14 | Namibia | 86.3 |
14 | Nicaragua | 86.3 |
14 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 86.3 |
15 | Georgia | 85.6 |
15 | Switzerland | 85.6 |
16 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 85.0 |
16 | Brazil | 85.0 |
16 | Korea, Rep. | 85.0 |
16 | North Macedonia | 85.0 |
16 | Slovak Republic | 85.0 |
16 | Venezuela | 85.0 |
17 | Moldova | 84.4 |
17 | Togo | 84.4 |
18 | Liberia | 83.8 |
18 | Puerto Rico (US) | 83.8 |
18 | St. Lucia | 83.8 |
19 | Costa Rica | 83.1 |
19 | Côte d'Ivoire | 83.1 |
19 | Timor-Leste | 83.1 |
20 | Armenia | 82.5 |
20 | Fiji | 82.5 |
20 | Mongolia | 82.5 |
20 | Mozambique | 82.5 |
20 | Singapore | 82.5 |
20 | Turkey | 82.5 |
20 | United Arab Emirates | 82.5 |
21 | Colombia | 81.9 |
21 | Japan | 81.9 |
21 | Vietnam | 81.9 |
22 | Bahamas | 81.3 |
22 | Tanzania | 81.3 |
22 | Zambia | 81.3 |
23 | Grenada | 80.6 |
23 | Israel | 80.6 |
23 | Kenya | 80.6 |
23 | Nepal | 80.6 |
23 | Rwanda | 80.6 |
24 | Chile | 80.0 |
24 | Samoa | 80.0 |
24 | San Marino | 80.0 |
24 | Saudi Arabia | 80.0 |
25 | Belize | 79.4 |
25 | Burkina Faso | 79.4 |
25 | Panama | 79.4 |
25 | Ukraine | 79.4 |
26 | Azerbaijan | 78.8 |
26 | Congo, Dem. Rep. | 78.8 |
26 | Kiribati | 78.8 |
26 | Philippines | 78.8 |
26 | Tajikistan | 78.8 |
27 | Lesotho | 78.1 |
27 | Thailand | 78.1 |
28 | Benin | 77.5 |
28 | Malawi | 77.5 |
29 | Barbados | 76.9 |
29 | Central African Republic | 76.9 |
29 | Ethiopia | 76.9 |
29 | Kyrgyz Republic | 76.9 |
30 | Argentina | 76.3 |
30 | Guinea | 76.3 |
30 | Seychelles | 76.3 |
31 | Belarus | 75.6 |
31 | China | 75.6 |
31 | Morocco | 75.6 |
32 | Cambodia | 75.0 |
32 | Ghana | 75.0 |
32 | Honduras | 75.0 |
32 | Trinidad and Tobago | 75.0 |
33 | Gambia | 74.4 |
33 | India | 74.4 |
33 | Madagascar | 74.4 |
34 | Maldives | 73.8 |
34 | Suriname | 73.8 |
35 | Angola | 73.1 |
35 | Burundi | 73.1 |
35 | Russia | 73.1 |
35 | Uganda | 73.1 |
36 | Bhutan | 71.9 |
37 | St. Kitts and Nevis | 71.3 |
38 | Guatemala | 70.6 |
38 | Uzbekistan | 70.6 |
39 | South Sudan | 70.0 |
40 | Eritrea | 69.4 |
40 | Kazakhstan | 69.4 |
40 | Sierra Leone | 69.4 |
41 | Dijibouti | 68.1 |
41 | Jamaica | 68.1 |
41 | Marshall Islands | 68.1 |
41 | St. Vicent and the Grenadines | 68.1 |
42 | Tunisia | 67.5 |
43 | Senegal | 66.9 |
44 | Antigua and Barbuda | 66.3 |
44 | Chad | 66.3 |
45 | Sri Lanka | 65.6 |
46 | Comoros | 65.0 |
47 | Indonesia | 64.4 |
48 | Botswana | 63.8 |
48 | Haiti | 63.8 |
48 | Micronesia | 63.8 |
49 | Nigeria | 63.1 |
50 | Dominica | 62.5 |
51 | Mali | 60.6 |
52 | Cameroon | 60.0 |
52 | Papua New Guinea | 60.0 |
53 | Niger | 59.4 |
54 | Myanmar | 58.8 |
54 | Palau | 58.8 |
54 | Tonga | 58.8 |
55 | Vanuatu | 58.1 |
56 | Algeria | 57.5 |
56 | Gabon | 57.5 |
57 | Solomon Islands | 56.9 |
58 | Bahrain | 55.6 |
58 | Pakistan | 55.6 |
59 | Brunei Darussalam | 53.1 |
60 | Lebanon | 52.5 |
61 | Equatorial Guinea | 51.9 |
62 | Libya | 50.0 |
62 | Malaysia | 50.0 |
63 | Bangladesh | 49.4 |
63 | Congo, Rep. | 49.4 |
64 | Mauritania | 48.1 |
65 | Jordan | 46.9 |
65 | Somalia | 46.9 |
66 | Eswatini | 46.3 |
67 | Egypt | 45.0 |
67 | Iraq | 45.0 |
68 | Guinea-Bissau | 42.5 |
69 | Afghanistan | 38.1 |
70 | Syria | 36.9 |
71 | Oman | 35.6 |
72 | Iran | 31.3 |
73 | Qatar | 29.4 |
73 | Sudan | 29.4 |
74 | Kuwait | 28.8 |
75 | Yemen | 26.9 |
76 | West Bank and Gaza | 26.3 |
According to the report, there are 20 economies in the world where women still have half or fewer of the legal economic rights of men.
Under Taliban rule, for example, women in Afghanistan have limited access to education and work. In the Gaza Strip, women must have the permission of a male guardian to travel.
Yet, some differences are also seen in developed countries.
In the U.S, women still earn an average of about 82 cents for each dollar earned by men, and the gap across many countries in Europe is similar. Meanwhile, women are represented in just 23% of seats in national parliaments globally, and make up just 13% of agricultural landholders.
The Shadow Pandemic
COVID-19 has exacerbated existing inequalities that disadvantage girls and women, including barriers to attend school and maintain jobs, according to the United Nations.
In fact, new research shows that the sectors that have been most affected by the pandemic so far are those with high levels of women workers, including the restaurant and hospitality business, as well as the travel sector.
While leaders debate recovery in a post-pandemic world, rights equality remains a central topic for social and economic development.
United States
Charted: What Southeast Asia Thinks About China & the U.S.
A significant share of respondents from an ASEAN-focused survey are not happy about rising American and Chinese influence in the region.
What Southeast Asia Thinks About China & the U.S.
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
This chart visualizes the results of a 2024 survey conducted by the ASEAN Studies Centre at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. Nearly 2,000 respondents were asked if they were worried or welcoming of rising Chinese and American geopolitical influence in their country.
The countries surveyed all belong to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a political and economic union of 10 states in Southeast Asia.
Feelings Towards China
On average, a significant share of respondents from all 10 countries are worried about rising influence from both the U.S. and China.
However, overall skepticism is higher for China, at 74% (versus 59% for U.S.).
Country | Worried About Growing 🇨🇳 Influence | Welcome Growing 🇨🇳 Influence |
---|---|---|
🇧🇳 Brunei | 58% | 42% |
🇰🇭 Cambodia | 66% | 34% |
🇮🇩 Indonesia | 57% | 43% |
🇱🇦 Laos | 68% | 32% |
🇲🇾 Malaysia | 56% | 44% |
🇲🇲 Myanmar | 95% | 5% |
🇵🇭 Philippines | 81% | 19% |
🇸🇬 Singapore | 74% | 26% |
🇹🇭 Thailand | 84% | 16% |
🇻🇳 Vietnam | 96% | 4% |
Average | 74% | 27% |
The recently-cooled but still active territorial concerns over the South China Sea may play a significant role in these responses, especially in countries which are also claimants over the sea.
For example, in Vietnam over 95% of respondents said they were worried about China’s growing influence.
Feelings Towards America
Conversely, rising American influence is welcomed in two countries with competing claims in the South China Sea, the Philippines (69%) and Vietnam (55%).
Country | Worried About Growing 🇺🇸 Influence | Welcome Growing 🇺🇸 Influence |
---|---|---|
🇧🇳 Brunei | 73% | 27% |
🇰🇭 Cambodia | 58% | 42% |
🇮🇩 Indonesia | 73% | 27% |
🇱🇦 Laos | 79% | 21% |
🇲🇾 Malaysia | 68% | 32% |
🇲🇲 Myanmar | 45% | 55% |
🇵🇭 Philippines | 32% | 69% |
🇸🇬 Singapore | 37% | 63% |
🇹🇭 Thailand | 80% | 20% |
🇻🇳 Vietnam | 45% | 55% |
Average | 59% | 41% |
Despite this, on a regional average, more respondents worry about growing American influence (59%) than they welcome it (41%).
Interestingly, it seems almost every ASEAN nation has a clear preference for one superpower over the other.
The only exception is Thailand, where those surveyed were not a fan of either option, with 84% worried about China, and 80% worried about the U.S.
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