Misc
A Network Map of the World’s Air Traffic Connections
View a high resolution version of this graphic
A Network Map of the World’s Air Traffic Connections
View the high resolution version of today’s graphic by clicking here.
In 2017, airlines moved over four billion passengers, a number that continues to grow each year.
As more and more people around the world can afford to scratch their travel itch, new connections and airports will be created to meet that demand. Remarkably, the world’s air transport network doubles in size every 15 years, and the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) estimates that it will do so again by the year 2030.
Today’s data visualization – created by researcher, Martin Grandjean – is a dramatic look at over 3,200 air traffic hubs that connect our world’s population centers. The unique, force-directed layout allows us to see relationships beyond geographical location.
As the GIF above reveals, Europe remains an important linchpin in international travel, and cities on North America’s West Coast – such as Vancouver and San Francisco – swing in response to Asia’s gravitational pull.
The World’s Most Connected Airports
While all airports are effective at moving passengers from point A to B, particular locations play a crucial role in the global network. To help put this connectivity between airports into perspective, OAG created the Megahubs International Index.
Below are the top 50 internationally connected airports:
Rank | Airport | Airport Name | Country | Connectivity Index |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | LHR | Heathrow | United Kingdom | 379 |
2 | FRA | Frankfurt | Germany | 307 |
3 | AMS | Amsterdam Schiphol | Netherlands | 299 |
4 | ORD | O'Hare | United States | 295 |
5 | YYZ | Toronto Pearson | Canada | 271 |
6 | SIN | Singapore Changi | Singapore | 257 |
7 | CGK | Soekarno–Hatta | Indonesia | 256 |
8 | ATL | Hartsfield–Jackson | United States | 256 |
9 | KUL | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | 242 |
10 | CDG | Charles de Gaulle | France | 242 |
11 | LAX | Los Angeles | United States | 235 |
12 | HKG | Hong Kong | Hong Kong | 233 |
13 | BKK | Suvarnabhumi | Thailand | 226 |
14 | MUC | Munich | Germany | 221 |
15 | IST | Istanbul Atatürk | Turkey | 219 |
16 | MIA | Miami | United States | 204 |
17 | ICN | Incheon | South Korea | 196 |
18 | JFK | John F. Kennedy | United States | 195 |
19 | IAH | George Bush | United States | 184 |
20 | DXB | Dubai | United Arab Emirates | 183 |
21 | MEX | Mexico City | Mexico | 176 |
22 | EWR | Newark Liberty | United States | 170 |
23 | PVG | Shanghai Pudong | China | 167 |
24 | SYD | Sydney | Australia | 167 |
25 | DEL | Indira Gandhi | India | 166 |
26 | YVR | Vancouver | Canada | 165 |
27 | DFW | Dallas/Fort Worth | United States | 164 |
28 | HND | Haneda | Japan | 163 |
29 | SFO | San Francisco | United States | 153 |
30 | FCO | Rome Fiumicino | Italy | 145 |
31 | PEK | Beijing Capital | China | 142 |
32 | CAN | Guangzhou Baiyun | China | 141 |
33 | BOM | Chhatrapati Shivaji | India | 140 |
34 | MAD | Madrid–Barajas | Spain | 138 |
35 | NCE | Nice Côte d'Azur | France | 133 |
36 | JNB | O. R. Tambo | South Africa | 133 |
37 | NRT | Narita | Japan | 132 |
38 | MNL | Ninoy Aquino | Philippines | 131 |
39 | SEA | Seattle–Tacoma | United States | 130 |
40 | BOS | Logan | United States | 128 |
41 | BOG | El Dorado | Colombia | 127 |
42 | GRU | São Paulo–Guarulhos | Brazil | 120 |
43 | YUL | Montréal–Trudeau | Canada | 118 |
44 | ZRH | Zurich | Switzerland | 115 |
45 | SVO | Sheremetyevo | Russian Fed. | 114 |
46 | SJU | Luis Muñoz Marín | Puerto Rico | 114 |
47 | PTY | Tocumen | Panama | 108 |
48 | VIE | Vienna | Austria | 107 |
49 | MCO | Orlando | United States | 107 |
50 | AKL | Auckland | New Zealand | 106 |
The heavyweight airport leading the world in international connectivity is London Heathrow. This busy air traffic hub recently had a mind-blowing 72,000 possible international connections within a 6-hour window of arriving and departing flights. Heathrow moved over 78 million passengers and 1.70 million metric tonnes of cargo in 2017.
According to OAG, Singapore Changi and El Dorado International Airport in Colombia were the most connected airports in Asia–Pacific and South America, respectively. O. R. Tambo International Airport near Johannesburg was the sole African airport to crack the top 50.
America’s Most Connected Airports
Below are the top 25 most connected airports in the United States:
Rank | Airport | Airport Name | City | Connectivity Index |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ORD | O'Hare | Chicago | 455 |
2 | ATL | Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta | Atlanta | 390 |
3 | CLT | Charlotte Douglas | Charlotte | 238 |
4 | DFW | Dallas/Fort Worth | Dallas | 207 |
5 | DEN | Denver | Denver | 186 |
6 | DTW | Detroit Metro. Wayne County | Detroit | 139 |
7 | MSP | Minneapolis–Saint Paul | Minneapolis–St. Paul | 126 |
8 | LAX | Los Angeles | Los Angeles | 114 |
9 | HNL | Daniel K. Inouye | Honolulu | 104 |
10 | PHX | Phoenix Sky Harbor | Phoenix | 103 |
11 | IAH | George Bush | Houston | 102 |
12 | BOS | Boston Logan | Boston | 95 |
13 | SEA | Seattle–Tacoma | Seattle | 87 |
14 | PHL | Philadelphia | Philadelphia | 85 |
15 | SFO | San Francisco | San Francisco | 84 |
16 | SLC | Salt Lake City | Salt Lake City | 79 |
17 | MDW | Chicago Midway | Chicago | 75 |
18 | DCA | Ronald Reagan Washington | Washington | 65 |
19 | IAD | Washington Dulles | Washington | 57 |
20 | DAL | Dallas Love Field | Dallas | 56 |
21 | EWR | Newark Liberty | Newark | 54 |
22 | LAS | McCarran | Las Vegas | 54 |
23 | BWI | Baltimore–Washington | Baltimore | 53 |
24 | LGA | LaGuardia | New York | 51 |
25 | STL | St. Louis Lambert | St. Louis | 43 |
While Atlanta Airport, the second most connected hub, has more scheduled domestic capacity, O’Hare’s scheduling offered more connection possibilities for passengers. Both these powerhouse transport nodes show up very clearly on the network map above.
No Fly Zones
There is a grand total of five countries in the world that have no airport and, interestingly, they’re all in Europe. Vatican City and Monaco are simply too small to accommodate an airport.
The remaining three – Andorra, San Marino, and Liechtenstein – rely on neighboring countries and/or helicopter pads for their air travel needs.
Demographics
Mapped: Population Growth by Region (1900-2050F)
In this visualization, we map the populations of major regions at three different points in time: 1900, 2000, and 2050 (forecasted).
Mapping Population Growth by Region
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
In fewer than 50 years, the world population has doubled in size, jumping from 4 to 8 billion.
In this visualization, we map the populations of major regions at three different points in time: 1900, 2000, and 2050 (forecasted). Figures come from Our World in Data as of March 2023, using the United Nations medium-fertility scenario.
Population by Continent (1900-2050F)
Asia was the biggest driver of global population growth over the course of the 20th century. In fact, the continent’s population grew by 2.8 billion people from 1900 to 2000, compared to just 680 million from the second on our list, Africa.
Region | 1900 | 2000 | 2050F |
---|---|---|---|
Asia | 931,021,418 | 3,735,089,775 | 5,291,555,919 |
Africa | 138,752,199 | 818,952,374 | 2,485,135,689 |
Europe | 406,610,221 | 727,917,165 | 704,398,730 |
North America | 104,231,973 | 486,364,446 | 679,488,449 |
South America | 41,330,704 | 349,634,344 | 491,078,697 |
Oceania | 5,936,615 | 31,223,133 | 57,834,753 |
World 🌐 | 1,627,883,130 | 6,149,181,237 | 9,709,492,237 |
China was the main source of Asia’s population expansion, though its population growth has slowed in recent years. That’s why in 2023, India surpassed China to become the world’s most populous country.
Southeast Asian countries like the Philippines and Indonesia have also been big drivers of Asia’s population boom to this point.
The Future: Africa to Hit 2.5 Billion by 2050
Under the UN’s medium-fertility scenario (all countries converge at a birthrate of 1.85 children per woman by 2050), Africa will solidify its place as the world’s second most populous region.
Three countries—Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Egypt—will account for roughly 30% of that 2.5 billion population figure.
Meanwhile, both North America and South America are expected to see a slowdown in population growth, while Europe is the only region that will shrink by 2050.
A century ago, Europe’s population was close to 30% of the world total. Today, that figure stands at less than 10%.
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