China
Ranked: The World’s Most Surveilled Cities
Ranked: The World’s Most Surveilled Cities
This may come as a surprise, but it wasn’t until 2007 that the global urban population overtook the rural population. At that time, the two groups were split nearly 50/50, with around 3.3 billion people apiece.
Today, the percentage of people living in urban areas has grown to over 55%, and is expected to reach 68% by 2050. Due to this trend, many of the world’s largest cities have become home to tens of millions of people.
In response to such incredible density, governments, businesses, and households have installed countless security cameras for various purposes including crime protection. To grasp the scale of this surveillance, we’ve taken data from a recent report by Comparitech to visualize the most surveilled cities in the world.
The List (Excluding China)
Excluding China for the time being, these are the world’s 10 most surveilled cities.
City | Population | Number of Cameras | Cameras per 1,000 people |
---|---|---|---|
🇮🇳 Indore, India | 3.2M | 200,600 | 63 |
🇮🇳 Hyderabad, India | 10.5M | 440,299 | 42 |
🇮🇳 Delhi, India | 16.3M | 436,600 | 27 |
🇮🇳 Chennai, India | 11.5M | 282,126 | 25 |
🇸🇬 Singapore | 6.0M | 108,981 | 18 |
🇷🇺 Moscow, Russia | 12.6M | 213,000 | 17 |
🇮🇶 Baghdad, Iraq | 7.5M | 120,000 | 16 |
🇬🇧 London, UK | 9.5M | 127,373 | 13 |
🇷🇺 St. Petersburg, Russia | 5.5M | 70,000 | 13 |
🇺🇸 Los Angeles, U.S. | 3.9M | 34,959 | 9 |
Figures rounded
The top four cities all belong to India, which is the world’s second largest country by population. Surveillance cameras are playing a major role in the country’s efforts to reduce crimes against women.
Further down the list are cities from a variety of countries. One of these is Russia, which has expanded its use of surveillance cameras in recent years. Given the country’s track record of human rights violations, activists are worried that facial recognition technology could become a tool of oppression.
The only U.S. city on the list is Los Angeles, which contains some of the country’s wealthiest neighborhoods and municipalities. That includes Beverly Hills, which according to the Los Angeles Times, has over 2,000 cameras for its population of 32,500. That translates to about 62 cameras per 1,000 people, meaning that Beverly Hills would finish at #2 in the global ranking if it were listed as a separate entity.
Surveillance in China
IHS Markit estimates that as of 2021, there are over 1 billion surveillance cameras installed worldwide. The firm also believes that 54% of these cameras are located in China.
Because of limited transparency, it’s impossible to pinpoint how many cameras are actually in each Chinese city. However, if we assume that China has 540 million cameras and divide that amongst its population of 1.46 billion, we can reasonably say that there are 373 cameras per 1,000 people (figures rounded).
A limitation of this approach is that it assumes everyone in China lives in a city, which is far from reality. The most recent World Bank figures suggest that 37% of China’s population is rural, which equates to over 500 million people.
With this in mind, the number of cameras per 1,000 people in a Tier 1+ Chinese city (e.g. Shanghai) is likely far greater than 373.
More About China
China’s expansive use of cameras and facial recognition technology has been widely documented in the media. These networks enable the country’s social credit program, which gives local governments an unprecedented amount of oversight over its citizens.
For example, China’s camera networks can be used to verify ATM withdrawals, permit access into homes, and even publicly shame people for minor offences like jaywalking.
This might sound like a dystopian nightmare to Western audiences, but according to Chinese citizens, it’s mostly a good thing. In a 2018 survey of 2,209 citizens, 80% of respondents approved of social credit systems.
If you’re interested in learning more about surveillance in Chinese cities, consider this video from The Economist, which explores the opportunities and dangers of comprehensive state control.
Urbanization
Ranked: The Cities with the Most Skyscrapers in 2023
We rank the world’s leading cities with the most skyscrapers, highlighting China’s remarkable dominance in building vertically.

Ranked: The Cities with the Most Skyscrapers in 2023
When it comes to soaring skylines and architectural marvels, no country has embraced the vertical revolution quite like China.
In this graphic, which uses data from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), we reveal the 25 cities with the most skyscrapers and supertall buildings globally.
Unsurprisingly, China’s cities dominate the list, solidifying the country’s reputation as a global powerhouse of tall buildings.
The 25 Top Cities by Skyscraper Count
Topping the charts is Hong Kong, with an impressive 657 skyscrapers, including six supertalls (buildings over 300 meters tall).
Rank | City | Country | Skyscrapers (>150m) | Supertalls (>300m) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Hong Kong | 🇨🇳 China | 657 | 6 |
2 | Shenzhen | 🇨🇳 China | 513 | 16 |
3 | New York City | 🇺🇸 United States | 421 | 16 |
4 | Dubai | 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates | 395 | 28 |
5 | Guangzhou | 🇨🇳 China | 254 | 11 |
6 | Shanghai | 🇨🇳 China | 250 | 5 |
7 | Kuala Lumpur | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 211 | 5 |
8 | Chongqing | 🇨🇳 China | 205 | 5 |
9 | Tokyo | 🇯🇵 Japan | 200 | 0 |
10 | Wuhan | 🇨🇳 China | 183 | 5 |
11 | Chicago | 🇺🇸 United States | 178 | 7 |
12 | Jakarta | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 160 | 1 |
13 | Chengdu | 🇨🇳 China | 150 | 0 |
14 | Bangkok | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 133 | 3 |
15 | Shenyang | 🇨🇳 China | 129 | 3 |
16 | Singapore | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 128 | 0 |
17 | Nanning | 🇨🇳 China | 122 | 6 |
18 | Mumbai | 🇮🇳 India | 114 | 0 |
19 | Tianjin | 🇨🇳 China | 109 | 3 |
20 | Nanjing | 🇨🇳 China | 108 | 7 |
21 | Toronto | 🇨🇦 Canada | 106 | 0 |
22 | Busan | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 106 | 4 |
23 | Seoul | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 104 | 2 |
24 | Changsha | 🇨🇳 China | 97 | 5 |
25 | Melbourne | 🇦🇺 Australia | 94 | 1 |
Hong Kong, along with Shenzhen (#2), and Guangzhou (#5) are part of the burgeoning megacity known as the Pearl River Delta, which is home to over 1,500 skyscrapers. This is even more impressive when considering that Shenzhen was a small fishing village until the 1970s.
New York City secures the third position on the list, boasting an impressive tally of 421 skyscrapers. Although it may have relinquished its title to Chinese cities, the city’s skyline endures as a globally renowned symbol, prominently featuring the iconic Empire State Building. Notably, while the Empire State Building enjoys widespread familiarity, it no longer ranks among the world’s 50 tallest structures.
Rounding out the top five is Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, which grabs the fourth position with 395 skyscrapers, a staggering 28 of which are supertalls. This desert oasis has become synonymous with grandiose architecture and record-breaking structures, exemplified by the Burj Khalifa, which is the world’s current tallest building at 828 meters (2,715 ft).
China’s Numbers in Context
Looking at this data from another perspective, China actually has more skyscrapers on this list than the rest of the world combined.
Country | Cities in Top 25 | Skyscrapers | Supertalls |
---|---|---|---|
🇨🇳 China | 12 | 2777 | 72 |
🌐 Rest of World | 13 | 2350 | 67 |
China’s rapid urbanization, economic growth, and ambitious construction projects have fueled this impressive feat. There’s no doubt that the country’s relentless pursuit of vertical development, coupled with its booming population and thriving cities, has positioned China as the unrivaled leader in the global skyscraper race.
The Future of the Global Skyline
As the world continues to reach new heights in architectural marvels, there are even more supertall skyscrapers in the pipeline that will reshape skylines across the globe.
From the soaring Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, poised to surpass the Burj Khalifa as the world’s tallest building, to the remarkable Merdeka 118 in Kuala Lumpur, which is set to claim the title of the world’s second-tallest structure when it opens in June 2023, these projects will captivate city dwellers for years to come.
Even as these new monumental buildings rise, China’s prominence in the world of skyscrapers—with three cities in the top five globally—is likely to remain unchallenged.
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