Business
The World’s Largest Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
The World’s Largest Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
Real estate is widely regarded as an attractive asset class for investors.
This is because it offers several benefits like diversification (due to less correlation with stocks), monthly income, and protection from inflation. The latter is known as “inflation hedging”, and stems from real estate’s tendency to appreciate during periods of rising prices.
Affordability, of course, is a major barrier to investing in most real estate. Property markets around the world have reached bubble territory, making it incredibly difficult for people to get their foot in the door.
Thankfully, there are easier ways of gaining exposure. One of these is purchasing shares in a real estate investment trust (REIT), a type of company that owns and operates income-producing real estate, and is most often publicly-traded.
What Qualifies as REIT?
To qualify as a REIT in the U.S., a company must meet several criteria:
- Invest at least 75% of assets in real estate, cash , or U.S. Treasuries
- Derive at least 75% of gross income from rents, interest on mortgages, or real estate sales
- Pay at least 90% of taxable income in the form of shareholder dividends
- Be a taxable corporation
- Be managed by a board of directors or trustees
- Have at least 100 shareholders after one year of operations
- Have no more than half its shares held by five or fewer people
Investing in a REIT is similar to purchasing shares of any other publicly-traded company. There are also exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds which may hold a basket of REITs. Lastly, note that some REITs are private, meaning they aren’t traded on stock exchanges.
The Top 10 by Market Cap
Here are the world’s 10 largest publicly-traded REITs, as of March 25, 2022.
| REIT | Market Cap | Dividend Yield | Property Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prologis (NYSE: PLD) | $116.4B | 2.03% | Industrial |
| American Tower (NYSE: AMT) | $109.8B | 2.38% | Communications |
| Crown Castle (NYSE: CCI | $76.8B | 3.35% | Communications |
| Public Storage (NYSE: PSA) | $65.9B | 2.14% | Self-storage |
| Equinix (NYSE: EQIX) | $64.4B | 1.74% | Data centers |
| Simon Property Group (NYSE: SPG) | $48.9B | 5.07% | Malls |
| Welltower (NYSE: WELL) | $43.0B | 2.58% | Healthcare |
| Digital Realty (NYSE: DLR) | $40.1B | 3.55% | Data centers |
| Realty Income (NYSE: O) | $40.1B | 4.44% | Commercial |
| AvalonBay Communities (NYSE: AVB) | $34.6B | 2.62% | Residential |
As shown above, REITs focus on different sectors of the market. Understanding their differences is an important step to consider before making an investment.
For example, Prologis manages the world’s largest portfolio of logistics real estate. This includes warehouses, distribution centers, and other supply chain facilities around the globe. It’s reasonable to assume that this REIT would benefit from further growth in ecommerce—more on this near the end.
Realty Income, on the other hand, owns a portfolio of over 11,100 commercial real estate properties in the U.S. and Europe. It rents these properties out to major brands like Walgreens and 7-Eleven, which together account for 8.1% of the REIT’s annual income.
More Than Just Buildings
Cell towers and data centers may not seem like “real estate”, but they are both critical pieces of modern infrastructure that take up land.
REITs that focus on these sectors include American Tower and Crown Castle, which own wireless communications assets in the U.S. and abroad. They are likely to benefit from the increased adoption of 5G networks and the Internet of Things (IoT).
On the other hand, Equinix and Digital Realty are focused on data centers, a fast growing industry that is benefitting from digitalization. Both of these REITs work with major tech firms such as Amazon and Google.
Trends to Watch
The demand for real estate can be heavily influenced by overarching trends found around the world. One of these is population growth and urbanization, which has drastically pushed up the cost of housing in many cities around the world.
There’s also the rising prevalence of ecommerce, which has triggered a boom in demand for warehouse space. This is best captured by Amazon’s massive growth during the COVID-19 pandemic, during which the company doubled the number of its warehouse facilities.
Globally, ecommerce accounts for just 19.6% of total retail sales. Should that figure continue to rise, industrial real estate prices could be in store for robust, long-term growth.
Retail
Visualized: 10 Black Friday Retail Trends
Consumers are expecting more this Black Friday, but for retailers, the pressure is mounting. Here are 10 trends that may impact them in 2023.
10 Black Friday Retail Trends
This year, retailers are under major pressure to orchestrate even more substantial and enticing Black Friday discounts for their customers.
We partnered up with Airwallex to visualize the latest available data from 2022 to understand what this year’s holiday weekend could look like for retailers.
Consumer Loyalty and Price
Theme: Buyer Behaviour
In a 2022 U.S. study conducted by Emarsys, 58% of people claim they are more loyal to retailers that offer them discounts, incentives, and rewards, indicating that price plays a crucial role in fostering loyalty.
Moreover, 60% of respondents admitted to turning their back on the brands they were previously loyal to in an effort to save money amid inflation hikes.
Convenience is King
Theme: Buyer Behaviour
Salesforce notes that 2022 saw a global increase of 9% in Buy Online, Pick Up In Store (BOPIS) adoption during Cyber Week compared to early November data.
Specifically in the U.S., retailers offering BOPIS experienced 38% higher growth in online revenue during Cyber Week compared to those without this service.
Global Spending is Up
Theme: Spending Patterns
Globally, 2022 Cyber Week spending increased 2% YoY to $281 billion. This is despite some regions experiencing a decline and some retailers reporting lighter foot traffic.
Margins at Risk
Theme: Spending Patterns
While consumers are spending more, retailers are still seeing their margins squeezed due to a variety of factors such as high inflation, high cost of goods, strained systems, and increased demand for discounts.
That is why we are starting to see certain retailers choosing to “boycott” Black Friday, and although estimates vary, The Guardian reported that as many as 85% of smaller retailers were not participating in Black Friday in 2021.
The Smartphone Surge
Theme: Buyer Behaviour
According to Adobe, 47% of U.S. online sales came from smartphones during the 2022 holiday spending season—up from 43% in 2021.
This reflects a broader trend within the retail sector, aligning with projections for substantial growth in the global mobile commerce market.
Deeper Discounts
Theme: Spending Patterns
In another benefit to consumers, discounts are getting deeper. Throughout the 2022 holiday season, the average discount stood at 21% compared to 19% in 2021 with apparel, skincare, and beauty touting the deepest discounts.
Alternative Payment Options
Theme: Payments
When it comes to payment methods, alternatives such as Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) are gaining traction, as evidenced by a 5% increase in orders YoY.
Financing Lower-Priced Goods
Theme: Payments
Despite the success of Buy Now Pay Later, the average order value decreased 5% YoY, meaning consumers are using the payment method more, but to help finance lower-priced goods.
Sales Spikes in APAC + Europe
Theme: Payments
Even though Black Friday has been traditionally viewed as an American retail phenomenon, it has transcended its U.S. origins and has been embraced by consumers the world over.
Several countries witness significant spikes in online sales in 2022, most notably in Australia with a +239% sales spike, and Spain at +576% spike when compared to average October sales.
Retailers Hit with Hidden Fees
Theme: Payments
Did you know that merchants of all shapes and sizes can often find it hard to escape paying unnecessary transaction fees during the holiday season?
For context, every international dollar a retailer generates during the holiday period could be converted up to three times, costing them up to 5.5% of every transaction.
Considering the multitude of benefits afforded to consumers during Black Friday and the holiday season, the question that looms is: is this retail bonanza genuinely worthwhile for retailers?
By partnering with Airwallex, retailers can simplify global payments, but also capitalise on increased consumer spending—without sacrificing on profit.
Learn more about Airwallex now.
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