Agriculture
Ranked: World’s Biggest Wine Producers by Country
Ranked: World’s Biggest Wine Producers By Country
“Wine gives a man fresh strength when he is wearied”—Homer, The Iliad
Wine has been in our cups, in our thoughts, and in our poems for many a millennia, from the antics of Dionysus, the Greek god of wine, to its symbolism in the Last Supper. But breaking down the biggest wine producers by country in the modern era leads to some interesting surprises.
This infographic by Alberto Rojo Moro uses data from the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) to visualize where wine production is concentrated in the world.
We take a quick look below.
The Top Wine Producers By Country in 2022
At the top of the list, Italy produced nearly 50 million hectoliters—or about 1,994 Olympic-sized swimming pools—of wine in 2022, accounting for nearly one-fifth of total production in the year. Less than half of that wine was sent to overseas markets, also making Italy the biggest exporter of the beverage by volume.
The country’s long coastline results in a moderate climate, allowing winemaking to occur in 20 different regions in Italy, with Veneto, Apulia, Emilia-Romagna, and Sicily leading in production.
Other known wine connoisseur countries—France (45.6 hectoliters) and Spain (35.8 million hectoliters)—rank second and third in wine production respectively. Together these three countries make up half of the world’s wine supply.
Here’s a full list of the world’s biggest wine producers by country.
Rank | Country | Continent | Quantity (1,000 hl) | % of Total Production |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 🇮🇹 Italy | Europe | 49,843 | 19.30% |
2 | 🇫🇷 France | Europe | 45,590 | 17.65% |
3 | 🇪🇸 Spain | Europe | 35,703 | 13.82% |
4 | 🇺🇸 U.S. | America | 22,385 | 8.67% |
5 | 🇦🇺 Australia | Oceania | 12,745 | 4.93% |
6 | 🇨🇱 Chile | America | 12,444 | 4.82% |
7 | 🇦🇷 Argentina | America | 11,451 | 4.43% |
8 | 🇿🇦 South Africa | Africa | 10,155 | 3.93% |
9 | 🇩🇪 Germany | Europe | 8,940 | 3.46% |
10 | 🇵🇹 Portugal | Europe | 6,777 | 2.62% |
11 | 🇷🇺 Russia | Europe | 4,700 | 1.82% |
12 | 🇨🇳 China | Asia | 4,182 | 1.62% |
13 | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | Oceania | 3,830 | 1.48% |
14 | 🇷🇴 Romania | Europe | 3,788 | 1.47% |
15 | 🇧🇷 Brazil | America | 3,200 | 1.24% |
16 | 🇭🇺 Hungary | Europe | 2,900 | 1.12% |
17 | 🇦🇹 Austria | Europe | 2,527 | 0.98% |
18 | 🇬🇪 Georgia | Europe | 2,135 | 0.83% |
19 | 🇬🇷 Greece | Europe | 2,127 | 0.82% |
20 | 🇲🇩 Moldova | Europe | 1,400 | 0.54% |
21 | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | Europe | 992 | 0.38% |
22 | 🇲🇰 North Macedonia | Europe | 936 | 0.36% |
23 | 🇯🇵 Japan | Asia | 830 | 0.32% |
24 | 🇵🇪 Peru | America | 810 | 0.31% |
25 | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | America | 756 | 0.29% |
26 | 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | Europe | 747 | 0.29% |
27 | 🇨🇦 Canada | America | 692 | 0.27% |
28 | 🇺🇦 Ukraine | Europe | 660 | 0.26% |
29 | 🇹🇷 Türkiye | Asia | 622 | 0.24% |
30 | 🇨🇿 Czech Republic | Europe | 586 | 0.23% |
31 | 🇭🇷 Croatia | Europe | 561 | 0.22% |
32 | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | Europe | 546 | 0.21% |
33 | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | Asia | 445 | 0.17% |
34 | 🇮🇱 Israel | Asia | 430 | 0.17% |
35 | 🇲🇦 Morocco | Africa | 418 | 0.16% |
36 | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | Asia | 400 | 0.15% |
37 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | America | 396 | 0.15% |
38 | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | Africa | 370 | 0.14% |
39 | 🇧🇾 Belarus | Europe | 340 | 0.13% |
40 | 🇸🇰 Slovakia | Europe | 334 | 0.13% |
41 | 🇦🇱 Albania | Europe | 228 | 0.09% |
42 | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | Asia | 216 | 0.08% |
43 | 🇩🇿 Algeria | Africa | 193 | 0.07% |
44 | 🇮🇳 India | Asia | 180 | 0.07% |
45 | 🇬🇧 UK | Europe | 91 | 0.04% |
46 | 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | Europe | 85 | 0.03% |
47 | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | Europe | 79 | 0.03% |
48 | 🇱🇹 Lithuania | Europe | 32 | 0.01% |
49 | 🇧🇪 Belgium | Europe | 30 | 0.01% |
50 | 🇲🇹 Malta | Europe | 13 | 0.01% |
51 | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | Europe | 10 | 0.00% |
52 | 🇵🇱 Poland | Europe | 5 | 0.00% |
53 | 🇩🇰 Denmark | Europe | 1 | 0.00% |
🌎 World | All | 258,265 | 100% |
Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
The U.S., ranked 4th, is the top wine producer from the Americas, beating out other wine-producing countries like Chile (6th) and Argentina (7th).
South Africa, ranked 8th, is one of only four African countries in the dataset as winemaking isn’t as widespread on the continent as other regions in the world.
Meanwhile, China (ranked 12th) is the top wine producer from Asia. The region’s preference for other distilled spirits helps explain why the next two biggest Asian wine producers, Japan (23rd) and Türkiye (29th) occupy the middle ranks.
Unsurprisingly, European countries account for two-thirds of the world’s wine supply, followed by the Americas (20%) and then Oceania (6%).
Climate Concerns for Future Wine Production
Wine production has stayed relatively stable for the last decade but climate change is coming for this industry as well.
According to the New York Times, warmer temperatures are both a blessing and curse for winemakers. Some areas once deemed too inhospitable for grapevines (like England) are starting to show potential for certain varietals and wines. At the same time, in some traditional regions, prolonged warmer weather is leading to overripening, forcing winemakers to limit the grapes’ exposure to sunlight.
And the general weather anomalies caused by climate change—floods, droughts, wildfires—all make wine production just a little more difficult than it already is.
Which prompts a question worth pouring a glass of wine over to ponder: which wine producing countries will survive, adapt, languish or thrive in the coming decades?
This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.
United States
Charted: 150 Years of Corn, Wheat, and Soy Yields in America
With nearly 180 bushels of corn grown per acre in 2023, this is the data behind the corny American love story.
Charted: 150 Years of Corn, Wheat, and Soy Yields in America
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
America can grow three-times as much corn from a single acre of land as it can wheat and soy. This is the story of how corn became king in America.
To understand how this happened, we visualize the yields (measured in bushels per acre) for all three crops over the last century. Data for this graphic is sourced from the National Agricultural Statistics Service, maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
The Corny American Love Story
In 2023, America produced 500 million metric tons of corn, a figure so astoundingly large, it compares to the weight of 87 Great Pyramids of Giza. And all of that corn was grown on 92 million acres of land—an area bigger than Malaysia.
But America’s colossal corn-producing prowess didn’t always exist, as seen in the yield data from 1866.
Year | Corn Yield | Wheat Yield | Soybean Yield |
---|---|---|---|
1866 | 24.3 | 11.0 | N/A |
1867 | 24.7 | 12.6 | N/A |
1868 | 26.2 | 12.9 | N/A |
1869 | 21.8 | 13.7 | N/A |
1870 | 29.3 | 12.1 | N/A |
1871 | 27.2 | 12.2 | N/A |
1872 | 29.4 | 11.8 | N/A |
1873 | 22.9 | 12.9 | N/A |
1874 | 22.2 | 13.0 | N/A |
1875 | 27.7 | 11.1 | N/A |
1876 | 26.7 | 10.9 | N/A |
1877 | 25.8 | 14.1 | N/A |
1878 | 26.2 | 13.5 | N/A |
1879 | 28.2 | 13.0 | N/A |
1880 | 27.3 | 13.2 | N/A |
1881 | 19.8 | 11.0 | N/A |
1882 | 26.5 | 15.1 | N/A |
1883 | 24.2 | 12.3 | N/A |
1884 | 28.3 | 14.8 | N/A |
1885 | 28.6 | 11.4 | N/A |
1886 | 24.1 | 14.1 | N/A |
1887 | 21.9 | 13.3 | N/A |
1888 | 29.1 | 12.1 | N/A |
1889 | 29.5 | 14.0 | N/A |
1890 | 22.1 | 12.2 | N/A |
1891 | 29.6 | 16.5 | N/A |
1892 | 24.7 | 14.2 | N/A |
1893 | 23.8 | 12.4 | N/A |
1894 | 20.2 | 13.5 | N/A |
1895 | 28.0 | 13.9 | N/A |
1896 | 30.0 | 12.8 | N/A |
1897 | 25.4 | 14.0 | N/A |
1898 | 26.8 | 15.2 | N/A |
1899 | 28.0 | 12.5 | N/A |
1900 | 28.1 | 12.2 | N/A |
1901 | 18.2 | 15.0 | N/A |
1902 | 28.5 | 14.9 | N/A |
1903 | 26.9 | 13.7 | N/A |
1904 | 28.2 | 12.9 | N/A |
1905 | 30.9 | 15.2 | N/A |
1906 | 31.7 | 16.0 | N/A |
1907 | 27.2 | 14.2 | N/A |
1908 | 26.9 | 14.3 | N/A |
1909 | 26.1 | 15.5 | N/A |
1910 | 27.9 | 13.7 | N/A |
1911 | 24.4 | 12.4 | N/A |
1912 | 29.1 | 15.1 | N/A |
1913 | 22.7 | 14.4 | N/A |
1914 | 25.8 | 16.1 | N/A |
1915 | 28.1 | 16.7 | N/A |
1916 | 24.1 | 11.9 | N/A |
1917 | 26.2 | 13.2 | N/A |
1918 | 23.9 | 14.8 | N/A |
1919 | 26.8 | 12.9 | N/A |
1920 | 29.9 | 13.5 | N/A |
1921 | 27.8 | 12.7 | N/A |
1922 | 26.3 | 13.8 | N/A |
1923 | 27.8 | 13.3 | N/A |
1924 | 22.1 | 16.0 | 11.0 |
1925 | 27.4 | 12.8 | 11.7 |
1926 | 25.7 | 14.7 | 11.2 |
1927 | 26.4 | 14.7 | 12.2 |
1928 | 26.3 | 15.4 | 13.6 |
1929 | 25.7 | 13.0 | 13.3 |
1930 | 20.5 | 14.2 | 13.0 |
1931 | 24.5 | 16.3 | 15.1 |
1932 | 26.5 | 13.1 | 15.1 |
1933 | 22.8 | 11.2 | 12.9 |
1934 | 18.7 | 12.1 | 14.9 |
1935 | 24.2 | 12.2 | 16.8 |
1936 | 18.6 | 12.8 | 14.3 |
1937 | 28.9 | 13.6 | 17.9 |
1938 | 27.8 | 13.3 | 20.4 |
1939 | 29.9 | 14.1 | 20.9 |
1940 | 28.9 | 15.3 | 16.2 |
1941 | 31.2 | 16.8 | 18.2 |
1942 | 35.4 | 19.5 | 19.0 |
1943 | 32.6 | 16.4 | 18.3 |
1944 | 33.0 | 17.7 | 18.8 |
1945 | 33.1 | 17.0 | 18.0 |
1946 | 37.2 | 17.2 | 20.5 |
1947 | 28.6 | 18.2 | 16.3 |
1948 | 43.0 | 17.9 | 21.3 |
1949 | 38.2 | 14.5 | 22.3 |
1950 | 38.2 | 16.5 | 21.7 |
1951 | 36.9 | 16.0 | 20.8 |
1952 | 41.8 | 18.4 | 20.7 |
1953 | 40.7 | 17.3 | 18.2 |
1954 | 39.4 | 18.1 | 20.0 |
1955 | 42.0 | 19.8 | 20.1 |
1956 | 47.4 | 20.2 | 21.8 |
1957 | 48.3 | 21.8 | 23.2 |
1958 | 52.8 | 27.5 | 24.2 |
1959 | 53.1 | 21.6 | 23.5 |
1960 | 54.7 | 26.1 | 23.5 |
1961 | 62.4 | 23.9 | 25.1 |
1962 | 64.7 | 25.0 | 24.2 |
1963 | 67.9 | 25.2 | 24.4 |
1964 | 62.9 | 25.8 | 22.8 |
1965 | 74.1 | 26.5 | 24.5 |
1966 | 73.1 | 26.3 | 25.4 |
1967 | 80.1 | 25.8 | 24.5 |
1968 | 79.5 | 28.4 | 26.7 |
1969 | 85.9 | 30.6 | 27.4 |
1970 | 72.4 | 31.0 | 26.7 |
1971 | 88.1 | 33.9 | 27.5 |
1972 | 97.0 | 32.7 | 27.8 |
1973 | 91.3 | 31.6 | 27.8 |
1974 | 71.9 | 27.3 | 23.7 |
1975 | 86.4 | 30.6 | 28.9 |
1976 | 88.0 | 30.3 | 26.1 |
1977 | 90.8 | 30.7 | 30.6 |
1978 | 101.0 | 31.4 | 29.4 |
1979 | 109.5 | 34.2 | 32.1 |
1980 | 91.0 | 33.5 | 26.5 |
1981 | 108.9 | 34.5 | 30.1 |
1982 | 113.2 | 35.5 | 31.5 |
1983 | 81.1 | 39.4 | 26.2 |
1984 | 106.7 | 38.8 | 28.1 |
1985 | 118.0 | 37.5 | 34.1 |
1986 | 119.4 | 34.4 | 33.3 |
1987 | 119.8 | 37.7 | 33.9 |
1988 | 84.6 | 34.1 | 27.0 |
1989 | 116.3 | 32.7 | 32.3 |
1990 | 118.5 | 39.5 | 34.1 |
1991 | 108.6 | 34.3 | 34.2 |
1992 | 131.5 | 39.3 | 37.6 |
1993 | 100.7 | 38.2 | 32.6 |
1994 | 138.6 | 37.6 | 41.4 |
1995 | 113.5 | 35.8 | 35.3 |
1996 | 127.1 | 36.3 | 37.6 |
1997 | 126.7 | 39.5 | 38.9 |
1998 | 134.4 | 43.2 | 38.9 |
1999 | 133.8 | 42.7 | 36.6 |
2000 | 136.9 | 42.0 | 38.1 |
2001 | 138.2 | 40.2 | 39.6 |
2002 | 129.3 | 35.0 | 38.0 |
2003 | 142.2 | 44.2 | 33.9 |
2004 | 160.3 | 43.2 | 42.2 |
2005 | 147.9 | 42.0 | 43.1 |
2006 | 149.1 | 38.6 | 42.9 |
2007 | 150.7 | 40.2 | 41.7 |
2008 | 153.3 | 44.8 | 39.7 |
2009 | 164.4 | 44.3 | 44.0 |
2010 | 152.6 | 46.1 | 43.5 |
2011 | 146.8 | 43.6 | 42.0 |
2012 | 123.1 | 46.2 | 40.0 |
2013 | 158.1 | 47.1 | 44.0 |
2014 | 171.0 | 43.7 | 47.5 |
2015 | 168.4 | 43.6 | 48.0 |
2016 | 174.6 | 52.7 | 51.9 |
2017 | 176.6 | 46.4 | 49.3 |
2018 | 176.4 | 47.6 | 50.6 |
2019 | 167.5 | 51.6 | 47.4 |
2020 | 171.4 | 49.7 | 51.0 |
2021 | 176.7 | 44.5 | 51.7 |
2022 | 173.4 | 46.5 | 49.6 |
2023 | 177.3 | 48.6 | 50.6 |
In fact, for the first half of the 20th century, yields remained range-bound between 20–30 bushels per acre.
Then, there were two miracles. First, the introduction of a drought-resistant variety of the crop (1940s). Then, the introduction of fertilizer, pesticides, and mechanized agriculture (1950s).
Since then, corn yields have climbed at a rate of roughly 1.9 bushel/acre, per year.
Why Are Corn Yields So Much Higher Than Soy and Wheat?
Corn has a high energy density which directly translates into more food per acre. It’s also better at turning sunlight into biomass, meaning it grows faster. Both of these qualities make it the preferred crop to sow.
Compared to soybean (mostly animal feed and export to Asia) and wheat (mostly for humans), it’s also a far more versatile grain.
All of this means it attracts significant investment for varied uses: in animal feed, biofuel production, and the creation of high-fructose corn syrup. This investment helps fund research into the continuous improvement of corn yields.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Despite lower yields compared to corn, the U.S. is still a major wheat producer. Check out Breaking Down Global Wheat Production, by Country, to see where it ranks.
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