Technology
All of the World’s Spaceports on One Map
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Mapped: The World’s Rocket Launch Sites
From Sputnik 1 to today’s massive satellite constellations, every object in space was launched from just a handful of locations.
The map above, from BryceTech, is a comprehensive look at the world’s spaceports (both orbital and sub-orbital) as well as ballistic missile test sites.
The World’s Major Spaceports
Though the graphic above is a detailed list of many types of rocket launch sites, we’ll focus on major sites that are sending satellites and passengers into sub-orbit, orbit, and beyond.
Launch Facility | Location | Country |
---|---|---|
Cape Canaveral Space Force Station | Florida | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Cape Canaveral Spaceport | Florida | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Kennedy Space Center | Florida | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Cecil Field Spaceport | Florida | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Colorado Air & Space Port | Colorado | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Vandenberg Air Force Base | California | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Mojave Air and Space Port | California | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Oklahoma Air & Space Port | Oklahoma | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Poker Flat Research Range | Alaska | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Pacific Spaceport Complex | Alaska | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Spaceport America | New Mexico | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Launch Site One (Corn Ranch) | Texas | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Houston Spaceport | Texas | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Midland Air & Space Port | Texas | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
SpaceX Development and Test Facility | Texas | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
SpaceX Starbase | Texas | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Spaceport Camden | Georgia | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport | Virginia | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Wallops Flight Facility | Virginia | 🇺🇸 U.S. |
Reagan Test Site | Kwajalein Atoll | 🇲🇭 Marshall Islands |
Naro Space Center | Outer Naro Island | 🇰🇷 South Korea |
Sohae Satellite Launching Station | North Pyongan Province | 🇰🇵 North Korea |
Kapustin Yar | Astrakhan Oblast | 🇷🇺 Russia |
Plesetsk Cosmodrome | Arkhangelsk Oblast | 🇷🇺 Russia |
Vostochny Cosmodrome | Amur Oblast | 🇷🇺 Russia |
Yasny Launch Base | Orenburg Oblast | 🇷🇺 Russia |
Arnhem Space Centre | Northern Territory | 🇦🇺 Australia |
Whalers Way Orbital Launch Complex | South Australia | 🇦🇺 Australia |
Koonibba Test Range | South Australia | 🇦🇺 Australia |
Bowen Orbital Spaceport | Queensland | 🇦🇺 Australia |
Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1 | Wairoa District | 🇳🇿 New Zealand |
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Baikonur | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan |
Space Port Oita | Ōita | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Tanegashima Space Center | Kagoshima | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Uchinoura Space Center | Kagoshima | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Taiki Aerospace Research Field | Hokkaido | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Hokkaido Spaceport | Hokkaido | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Ryori Launch Site | Iwate | 🇯🇵 Japan |
Sonmiani Satellite Launch Center | Balochistan | 🇵🇰 Pakistan |
Integrated Test Range | Odisha | 🇮🇳 India |
Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station | Kerala | 🇮🇳 India |
Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Sriharikota | 🇮🇳 India |
Guiana Space Centre | Kourou | 🇬🇫 French Guiana |
Barreira do Inferno Launch Center | Rio Grande do Norte | 🇧🇷 Brazil |
Alcântara Space Center | Maranhão | 🇧🇷 Brazil |
Stasiun Peluncuran Roket | West Java | 🇮🇩 Indonesia |
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center | Gansu Province | 🇨🇳 China |
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center | Shanxi Province | 🇨🇳 China |
Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site | Hainan Province | 🇨🇳 China |
Xichang Satellite Launch Center | Sichuan Province | 🇨🇳 China |
Palmachim Airbase | Central District | 🇮🇱 Israel |
Imam Khomeini Space Launch Terminal | Semnan | 🇮🇷 Iran |
Qom Lauch Facility | Qom | 🇮🇷 Iran |
El Arenosillo Test Centre | Huelva | 🇪🇸 Spain |
Spaceport Sweden | Lapland | 🇸🇪 Sweden |
Esrange Space Center | Lapland | 🇸🇪 Sweden |
Andøya Space | Nordland | 🇳🇴 Norway |
SaxaVord Spaceport | Shetland Islands | 🇬🇧 UK |
Sutherland Spaceport | Sutherland | 🇬🇧 UK |
Western Isles Spaceport | Outer Hebrides | 🇬🇧 UK |
Spaceport Machrihanish | Campbeltown | 🇬🇧 UK |
Prestwick Spaceport | Glasgow | 🇬🇧 UK |
Snowdonia Spaceport | North West Wales | 🇬🇧 UK |
Spaceport Cornwall | Cornwall | 🇬🇧 UK |
Orbex LP1 | Moray | 🇬🇧 UK |
Spaceport Nova Scotia | Nova Scotia | 🇨🇦 Canada |
Editor’s note: The above table includes all sites that are operational, as well as under construction, as of publishing date.
The list above covers fixed locations, and does not include SpaceX’s autonomous spaceport drone ships. There are currently three active drone ships—one based near Los Angeles, and the other two based at Port Canaveral, Florida.
Two of the most famous launch sites on the list are the Baikonur Cosmodrome (Kazakhstan) and Cape Canaveral (United States). The former was constructed as the base of operations for the Soviet space program and was the launch point for Earth’s first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. The latter was NASA’s primary base of operations and the first lunar-landing flight was launched from there in 1969.
The global roster of spaceports has grown immensely since Baikonur and Cape Canaveral were the only game in town. Now numerous countries have the ability to launch satellites, and many more are getting in on the action.
Wenchang Space Launch Site, on the island of Hainan, is China’s newest launch location. The site recorded its first successful launch in 2016.
Location, Location
One interesting quirk of the map above is the lack of spaceports in Europe. Europe’s ambitions for space are actually launched from the Guiana Space Centre in South America. Europe’s Spaceport has been operating in French Guiana since 1968.
Low altitude launch locations near the equator are the most desirable, as far less energy is required to take a spacecraft from surface level to an equatorial, geostationary orbit.
Islands and coastal areas are also common locations for launch sites. Since the open waters aren’t inhabited, there is minimal risk of harm from debris in the event of a launch failure.
As demand for satellites and space exploration grows, the number of launch locations will continue to grow as well.
Technology
Ranked: America’s 20 Biggest Tech Layoffs Since 2020
How bad are the current layoffs in the tech sector? This visual reveals the 20 biggest tech layoffs since the start of the pandemic.

Ranked: America’s 20 Biggest Tech Layoffs This Decade
The events of the last few years could not have been predicted by anyone. From a global pandemic and remote work as the standard, to a subsequent hiring craze, rising inflation, and now, mass layoffs.
Alphabet, Google’s parent company, essentially laid off the equivalent of a small town just weeks ago, letting go of 12,000 people—the biggest layoffs the company has ever seen in its history. Additionally, Amazon and Microsoft have also laid off 10,000 workers each in the last few months, not to mention Meta’s 11,000.
This visual puts the current layoffs in the tech industry in context and ranks the 20 biggest tech layoffs of the 2020s using data from the tracker, Layoffs.fyi.
The Top 20 Layoffs of the 2020s
Since 2020, layoffs in the tech industry have been significant, accelerating in 2022 in particular. Here’s a look at the companies that laid off the most people over the last three years.
Rank | Company | # Laid Off | % of Workforce | As of |
---|---|---|---|---|
#1 | 12,000 | 6% | Jan 2023 | |
#2 | Meta | 11,000 | 13% | Nov 2021 |
#3 | Amazon | 10,000 | 3% | Nov 2021 |
#4 | Microsoft | 10,000 | 5% | Jan 2023 |
#5 | Salesforce | 8,000 | 10% | Jan 2023 |
#6 | Amazon | 8,000 | 2% | Jan 2023 |
#7 | Uber | 6,700 | 24% | May 2020 |
#8 | Cisco | 4,100 | 5% | Nov 2021 |
#9 | IBM | 3,900 | 2% | Jan 2023 |
#10 | 3,700 | 50% | Nov 2022 | |
#11 | Better.com | 3,000 | 33% | Mar 2022 |
#12 | Groupon | 2,800 | 44% | Apr 2020 |
#13 | Peloton | 2,800 | 20% | Feb 2022 |
#14 | Carvana | 2,500 | 12% | May 2022 |
#15 | Katerra | 2,434 | 100% | Jun 2021 |
#16 | Zillow | 2,000 | 25% | Nov 2021 |
#17 | PayPal | 2,000 | 7% | Jan 2023 |
#18 | Airbnb | 1,900 | 25% | May 2020 |
#19 | Instacart | 1,877 | -- | Jan 2021 |
#20 | Wayfair | 1,750 | 10% | Jan 2023 |
Layoffs were high in 2020 thanks to the COVID-19 pandemic, halting the global economy and forcing staff reductions worldwide. After that, things were steady until the economic uncertainty of last year, which ultimately led to large-scale layoffs in tech—with many of the biggest cuts happening in the past three months.
The Cause of Layoffs
Most workforce slashings are being blamed on the impending recession. Companies are claiming they are forced to cut down the excess of the hiring boom that followed the pandemic.
Additionally, during this hiring craze competition was fierce, resulting in higher salaries for workers, which is now translating in an increased need to trim the fat thanks to the current economic conditions.
Of course, the factors leading up to these recent layoffs are more nuanced than simple over-hiring plus recession narrative. In truth, there appears to be a culture shift occurring at many of America’s tech companies. As Rani Molla and Shirin Ghaffary from Recode have astutely pointed out, tech giants really want you to know they’re behaving like scrappy startups again.
Twitter’s highly publicized headcount reduction in late 2022 occurred for reasons beyond just macroeconomic factors. Elon Musk’s goal of doing more with a smaller team seemed to resonate with other founders and executives in Silicon Valley, providing an opening for others in tech space to cut down on labor costs as well. In just one example, Mark Zuckerberg hailed 2023 as the “year of efficiency” for Meta.
Meanwhile, over at Google, 12,000 jobs were put on the chopping block as the company repositions itself to win the AI race. In the words of Google’s own CEO:
“Over the past two years we’ve seen periods of dramatic growth. To match and fuel that growth, we hired for a different economic reality than the one we face today… We have a substantial opportunity in front of us with AI across our products and are prepared to approach it boldly and responsibly.”– Sundar Pichai
The Bigger Picture in the U.S. Job Market
Beyond the tech sector, job openings continue to rise. Recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) revealed a total of 11 million job openings across the U.S., an increase of almost 7% month-over-month. This means that for every unemployed worker in America right now there are 1.9 job openings available.
Additionally, hiring increased significantly in January, with employers adding 517,000 jobs. While the BLS did report a decrease in openings in information-based industries, openings are increasing rapidly especially in the food services, retail trade, and construction industries.
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