Demographics
Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100
Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100
For years, India has been on track to overtake China as the world’s most populated country.
In fact, we’ve covered this phenomenon in past articles, back when India was expected to overtake China’s population by the end of the decade.
However, according to the UN’s latest population prospects, this takeover is projected to happen sooner than previously expected—as early as next year.
This graphic by Pablo Alvarez provides an up-to-date chart of India’s population growth projections compared to other countries. Projection data from Our World in Data ranges from 1800 all the way to until 2100.
Some Historical Context
For over three centuries, China has had the largest population of any country in the world.
In the 1800s, China’s population was about 322 million, which was nearly double India’s at the time. And until the mid-20th century, both countries’ populations stayed relatively stable.
However, in 1949, China’s population started to experience dramatic growth. This occurred after the Chinese Civil War when the People’s Republic of China was first established.
Around the same time, India’s population had also started to increase. Since both countries were experiencing population booms, the status quo remained the same, and China kept its position as the world’s most populated country.
Year | China's Population | India's Population |
---|---|---|
1950 | 543,979,233 | 357,021,106 |
1951 | 553,613,990 | 364,922,356 |
1952 | 564,954,522 | 372,997,192 |
1953 | 577,378,687 | 381,227,710 |
1954 | 589,936,006 | 389,731,408 |
1955 | 603,320,152 | 398,577,988 |
1956 | 616,283,025 | 407,656,598 |
1957 | 630,003,022 | 416,935,404 |
1958 | 643,791,575 | 426,295,767 |
1959 | 652,179,197 | 435,900,351 |
1960 | 654,170,699 | 445,954,573 |
1961 | 655,260,384 | 456,351,883 |
1962 | 664,614,653 | 467,024,195 |
1963 | 683,903,564 | 477,933,620 |
1964 | 704,593,776 | 489,059,307 |
1965 | 723,846,349 | 500,114,347 |
1966 | 742,948,545 | 510,992,615 |
1967 | 761,006,267 | 521,987,066 |
1968 | 780,371,962 | 533,431,917 |
1969 | 801,430,969 | 545,314,679 |
1970 | 822,534,453 | 557,501,303 |
1971 | 843,285,425 | 569,999,181 |
1972 | 862,840,402 | 582,837,969 |
1973 | 881,652,084 | 596,107,487 |
1974 | 899,367,646 | 609,721,954 |
1975 | 915,124,664 | 623,524,225 |
1976 | 929,375,929 | 637,451,444 |
1977 | 942,581,333 | 651,685,632 |
1978 | 955,138,940 | 666,267,761 |
1979 | 968,298,969 | 681,248,379 |
1980 | 982,372,463 | 696,828,379 |
1981 | 997,259,502 | 712,869,300 |
1982 | 1,013,483,168 | 729,169,469 |
1983 | 1,029,226,907 | 745,826,550 |
1984 | 1,044,172,200 | 762,895,161 |
1985 | 1,060,239,983 | 780,242,087 |
1986 | 1,077,770,524 | 797,878,992 |
1987 | 1,096,851,842 | 815,716,128 |
1988 | 1,115,889,802 | 833,729,683 |
1989 | 1,134,414,721 | 852,012,670 |
1990 | 1,153,704,251 | 870,452,162 |
1991 | 1,170,626,176 | 888,941,763 |
1992 | 1,183,813,393 | 907,574,051 |
1993 | 1,195,855,556 | 926,351,289 |
1994 | 1,207,286,682 | 945,261,956 |
1995 | 1,218,144,429 | 964,279,137 |
1996 | 1,228,298,833 | 983,281,216 |
1997 | 1,237,801,449 | 1,002,335,231 |
1998 | 1,246,836,111 | 1,021,434,572 |
1999 | 1,255,433,237 | 1,040,500,049 |
2000 | 1,264,099,069 | 1,059,633,672 |
2001 | 1,272,739,587 | 1,078,970,908 |
2002 | 1,280,926,121 | 1,098,313,030 |
2003 | 1,288,873,365 | 1,117,415,122 |
2004 | 1,296,816,706 | 1,136,264,583 |
2005 | 1,304,887,557 | 1,154,638,717 |
2006 | 1,313,086,568 | 1,172,373,788 |
2007 | 1,321,513,227 | 1,189,691,814 |
2008 | 1,330,167,144 | 1,206,734,803 |
2009 | 1,339,125,592 | 1,223,640,160 |
2010 | 1,348,191,371 | 1,240,613,616 |
2011 | 1,357,095,485 | 1,257,621,190 |
2012 | 1,366,560,818 | 1,274,487,221 |
2013 | 1,376,100,301 | 1,291,132,067 |
2014 | 1,385,189,671 | 1,307,246,508 |
2015 | 1,393,715,448 | 1,322,866,506 |
2016 | 1,401,889,685 | 1,338,636,336 |
2017 | 1,410,275,956 | 1,354,195,684 |
2018 | 1,417,069,462 | 1,369,003,309 |
2019 | 1,421,864,032 | 1,383,112,049 |
2020 | 1,424,929,785 | 1,396,387,128 |
2021 | 1,425,893,463 | 1,407,563,841 |
2022 | 1,425,887,335 | 1,417,173,176 |
2023 | 1,425,671,353 | 1,428,627,666 |
2024 | 1,425,178,781 | 1,441,719,857 |
2025 | 1,424,381,923 | 1,454,606,728 |
2026 | 1,423,255,200 | 1,467,231,220 |
2027 | 1,421,809,061 | 1,479,578,524 |
2028 | 1,420,045,577 | 1,491,671,044 |
2029 | 1,417,974,640 | 1,503,470,599 |
2030 | 1,415,605,903 | 1,514,994,087 |
2031 | 1,412,946,006 | 1,526,208,895 |
2032 | 1,410,012,870 | 1,537,108,031 |
2033 | 1,406,810,382 | 1,547,689,840 |
2034 | 1,403,314,820 | 1,557,919,804 |
2035 | 1,399,547,502 | 1,567,802,259 |
2036 | 1,395,546,725 | 1,577,302,810 |
2037 | 1,391,338,419 | 1,586,438,626 |
2038 | 1,386,952,001 | 1,595,245,784 |
2039 | 1,382,367,126 | 1,603,664,860 |
2040 | 1,377,556,940 | 1,611,676,335 |
2041 | 1,372,522,392 | 1,619,318,358 |
2042 | 1,367,267,098 | 1,626,585,371 |
2043 | 1,361,737,253 | 1,633,430,527 |
2044 | 1,355,912,814 | 1,639,837,776 |
2045 | 1,349,756,905 | 1,645,863,188 |
2046 | 1,343,210,239 | 1,651,513,758 |
2047 | 1,336,262,905 | 1,656,777,044 |
2048 | 1,328,873,608 | 1,661,705,661 |
2049 | 1,321,004,204 | 1,666,284,988 |
2050 | 1,312,636,324 | 1,670,490,601 |
2051 | 1,303,756,602 | 1,674,343,637 |
2052 | 1,294,381,084 | 1,677,872,878 |
2053 | 1,284,539,872 | 1,681,073,177 |
2054 | 1,274,244,757 | 1,683,955,037 |
2055 | 1,263,512,556 | 1,686,563,352 |
2056 | 1,252,371,986 | 1,688,894,376 |
2057 | 1,240,879,994 | 1,690,942,710 |
2058 | 1,229,126,155 | 1,692,704,326 |
2059 | 1,217,157,937 | 1,694,150,262 |
2060 | 1,205,020,648 | 1,695,285,494 |
2061 | 1,192,805,228 | 1,696,121,515 |
2062 | 1,180,553,371 | 1,696,684,918 |
2063 | 1,168,316,255 | 1,696,976,688 |
2064 | 1,156,145,637 | 1,696,961,377 |
2065 | 1,144,050,918 | 1,696,634,190 |
2066 | 1,132,053,398 | 1,695,973,643 |
2067 | 1,120,182,121 | 1,694,997,001 |
2068 | 1,108,424,587 | 1,693,712,645 |
2069 | 1,096,787,133 | 1,692,129,035 |
2070 | 1,085,287,618 | 1,690,230,784 |
2071 | 1,073,902,390 | 1,687,990,288 |
2072 | 1,062,612,889 | 1,685,415,098 |
2073 | 1,051,380,906 | 1,682,564,511 |
2074 | 1,040,194,851 | 1,679,449,249 |
2075 | 1,029,035,603 | 1,676,034,859 |
2076 | 1,017,860,464 | 1,672,328,378 |
2077 | 1,006,663,152 | 1,668,352,088 |
2078 | 995,438,014 | 1,664,100,419 |
2079 | 984,185,395 | 1,659,592,784 |
2080 | 972,906,889 | 1,654,856,929 |
2081 | 961,612,987 | 1,649,862,775 |
2082 | 950,338,410 | 1,644,678,011 |
2083 | 939,100,117 | 1,639,364,769 |
2084 | 927,912,383 | 1,633,888,924 |
2085 | 916,808,804 | 1,628,242,630 |
2086 | 905,821,024 | 1,622,427,549 |
2087 | 894,960,259 | 1,616,451,908 |
2088 | 884,243,889 | 1,610,366,043 |
2089 | 873,694,704 | 1,604,195,815 |
2090 | 863,319,537 | 1,597,908,860 |
2091 | 853,111,768 | 1,591,484,817 |
2092 | 843,067,031 | 1,584,943,122 |
2093 | 833,162,187 | 1,578,296,210 |
2094 | 823,380,981 | 1,571,569,445 |
2095 | 813,718,728 | 1,564,797,337 |
2096 | 804,153,592 | 1,557,945,215 |
2097 | 794,673,485 | 1,551,000,312 |
2098 | 785,270,315 | 1,543,990,233 |
2099 | 775,944,429 | 1,536,933,456 |
2100 | 766,673,268 | 1,529,850,116 |
China’s baby boom lasted two decades. But by the late 1970s, the Chinese government implemented a one-child policy in an attempt to slow things down and control population growth, out of fear that China was becoming overpopulated.
The plan worked—according to China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission spokesman Mao Qunan, the government’s efforts ended up reducing the number of births over the years by roughly 400 million.
China’s Population is Aging Faster Than India’s
These days, China has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world. By 2040, it’s expected that 28% of the country’s population will be over the age of 60.
In contrast, India’s population is relatively young—half of its population is under 30, and only an eighth is over 60.
Does this mean that India’s GDP will eventually outpace China’s? Not necessarily.
As quoted in an article published in Business Standard, Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist of the Bank of Baroda says that India needs to increase its labor participation, as well as general access to education, in order to reap the benefits of its increasing working-age population.
As of 2022, India’s workforce participation rate sits at 46%, compared to China’s 68%. How will this change in the future?
This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.
Demographics
The Countries That Have Become Sadder Since 2010
Tracking Gallup survey data for more than a decade reveals some countries are witnessing big happiness declines, reflecting their shifting socio-economic conditions.
The Countries That Have Become Sadder Since 2010
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Can happiness be quantified?
Some approaches that try to answer this question make a distinction between two differing components of happiness: a daily experience part, and a more general life evaluation (which includes how people think about their life as a whole).
The World Happiness Report—first launched in 2012—has been making a serious go at quantifying happiness, by examining Gallup poll data that asks respondents in nearly every country to evaluate their life on a 0–10 scale. From this they extrapolate a single “happiness score” out of 10 to compare how happy (or unhappy) countries are.
More than a decade later, the 2024 World Happiness Report continues the mission. Its latest findings also include how some countries have become sadder in the intervening years.
Which Countries Have Become Unhappier Since 2010?
Afghanistan is the unhappiest country in the world right now, and is also 60% unhappier than over a decade ago, indicating how much life has worsened since 2010.
In 2021, the Taliban officially returned to power in Afghanistan, after nearly two decades of American occupation in the country. The Islamic fundamentalist group has made life harder, especially for women, who are restricted from pursuing higher education, travel, and work.
On a broader scale, the Afghan economy has suffered post-Taliban takeover, with various consequent effects: mass unemployment, a drop in income, malnutrition, and a crumbling healthcare system.
Rank | Country | Happiness Score Loss (2010–24) | 2024 Happiness Score (out of 10) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | -2.6 | 1.7 |
2 | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | -2.3 | 2.7 |
3 | 🇯🇴 Jordan | -1.5 | 4.2 |
4 | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | -1.3 | 5.6 |
5 | 🇲🇼 Malawi | -1.2 | 3.4 |
6 | 🇿🇲 Zambia | -1.2 | 3.5 |
7 | 🇧🇼 Botswana | -1.2 | 3.4 |
8 | 🇾🇪 Yemen | -1.0 | 3.6 |
9 | 🇪🇬 Egypt | -1.0 | 4.0 |
10 | 🇮🇳 India | -0.9 | 4.1 |
11 | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | -0.9 | 3.9 |
12 | 🇨🇩 DRC | -0.7 | 3.3 |
13 | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | -0.7 | 4.4 |
14 | 🇨🇦 Canada | -0.6 | 6.9 |
15 | 🇺🇸 U.S. | -0.6 | 6.7 |
16 | 🇨🇴 Colombia | -0.5 | 5.7 |
17 | 🇵🇦 Panama | -0.5 | 6.4 |
18 | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | -0.5 | 4.7 |
19 | 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | -0.5 | 3.3 |
20 | 🇮🇪 Ireland | -0.5 | 6.8 |
N/A | 🌍 World | +0.1 | 5.5 |
Nine countries in total saw their happiness score drop by a full point or more, on the 0–10 scale.
Noticeably, many of them have seen years of social and economic upheaval. Lebanon, for example, has been grappling with decades of corruption, and a severe liquidity crisis since 2019 that has resulted in a banking system collapse, sending poverty levels skyrocketing.
In Jordan, unprecedented population growth—from refugees leaving Iraq and Syria—has aggravated unemployment rates. A somewhat abrupt change in the line of succession has also raised concerns about political stability in the country.
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