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Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100

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Charting out India's population growth over the years

Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100

For years, India has been on track to overtake China as the world’s most populated country.

In fact, we’ve covered this phenomenon in past articles, back when India was expected to overtake China’s population by the end of the decade.

However, according to the UN’s latest population prospects, this takeover is projected to happen sooner than previously expected—as early as next year.

This graphic by Pablo Alvarez provides an up-to-date chart of India’s population growth projections compared to other countries. Projection data from Our World in Data ranges from 1800 all the way to until 2100.

Some Historical Context

For over three centuries, China has had the largest population of any country in the world.

In the 1800s, China’s population was about 322 million, which was nearly double India’s at the time. And until the mid-20th century, both countries’ populations stayed relatively stable.

However, in 1949, China’s population started to experience dramatic growth. This occurred after the Chinese Civil War when the People’s Republic of China was first established.

Around the same time, India’s population had also started to increase. Since both countries were experiencing population booms, the status quo remained the same, and China kept its position as the world’s most populated country.

YearChina's PopulationIndia's Population
1950543,979,233357,021,106
1951553,613,990364,922,356
1952564,954,522372,997,192
1953577,378,687381,227,710
1954589,936,006389,731,408
1955603,320,152398,577,988
1956616,283,025407,656,598
1957630,003,022416,935,404
1958643,791,575426,295,767
1959652,179,197435,900,351
1960654,170,699445,954,573
1961655,260,384456,351,883
1962664,614,653467,024,195
1963683,903,564477,933,620
1964704,593,776489,059,307
1965723,846,349500,114,347
1966742,948,545510,992,615
1967761,006,267521,987,066
1968780,371,962533,431,917
1969801,430,969545,314,679
1970822,534,453557,501,303
1971843,285,425569,999,181
1972862,840,402582,837,969
1973881,652,084596,107,487
1974899,367,646609,721,954
1975915,124,664623,524,225
1976929,375,929637,451,444
1977942,581,333651,685,632
1978955,138,940666,267,761
1979968,298,969681,248,379
1980982,372,463696,828,379
1981997,259,502712,869,300
19821,013,483,168729,169,469
19831,029,226,907745,826,550
19841,044,172,200762,895,161
19851,060,239,983780,242,087
19861,077,770,524797,878,992
19871,096,851,842815,716,128
19881,115,889,802833,729,683
19891,134,414,721852,012,670
19901,153,704,251870,452,162
19911,170,626,176888,941,763
19921,183,813,393907,574,051
19931,195,855,556926,351,289
19941,207,286,682945,261,956
19951,218,144,429964,279,137
19961,228,298,833983,281,216
19971,237,801,4491,002,335,231
19981,246,836,1111,021,434,572
19991,255,433,2371,040,500,049
20001,264,099,0691,059,633,672
20011,272,739,5871,078,970,908
20021,280,926,1211,098,313,030
20031,288,873,3651,117,415,122
20041,296,816,7061,136,264,583
20051,304,887,5571,154,638,717
20061,313,086,5681,172,373,788
20071,321,513,2271,189,691,814
20081,330,167,1441,206,734,803
20091,339,125,5921,223,640,160
20101,348,191,3711,240,613,616
20111,357,095,4851,257,621,190
20121,366,560,8181,274,487,221
20131,376,100,3011,291,132,067
20141,385,189,6711,307,246,508
20151,393,715,4481,322,866,506
20161,401,889,6851,338,636,336
20171,410,275,9561,354,195,684
20181,417,069,4621,369,003,309
20191,421,864,0321,383,112,049
20201,424,929,7851,396,387,128
20211,425,893,4631,407,563,841
20221,425,887,3351,417,173,176
20231,425,671,3531,428,627,666
20241,425,178,7811,441,719,857
20251,424,381,9231,454,606,728
20261,423,255,2001,467,231,220
20271,421,809,0611,479,578,524
20281,420,045,5771,491,671,044
20291,417,974,6401,503,470,599
20301,415,605,9031,514,994,087
20311,412,946,0061,526,208,895
20321,410,012,8701,537,108,031
20331,406,810,3821,547,689,840
20341,403,314,8201,557,919,804
20351,399,547,5021,567,802,259
20361,395,546,7251,577,302,810
20371,391,338,4191,586,438,626
20381,386,952,0011,595,245,784
20391,382,367,1261,603,664,860
20401,377,556,9401,611,676,335
20411,372,522,3921,619,318,358
20421,367,267,0981,626,585,371
20431,361,737,2531,633,430,527
20441,355,912,8141,639,837,776
20451,349,756,9051,645,863,188
20461,343,210,2391,651,513,758
20471,336,262,9051,656,777,044
20481,328,873,6081,661,705,661
20491,321,004,2041,666,284,988
20501,312,636,3241,670,490,601
20511,303,756,6021,674,343,637
20521,294,381,0841,677,872,878
20531,284,539,8721,681,073,177
20541,274,244,7571,683,955,037
20551,263,512,5561,686,563,352
20561,252,371,9861,688,894,376
20571,240,879,9941,690,942,710
20581,229,126,1551,692,704,326
20591,217,157,9371,694,150,262
20601,205,020,6481,695,285,494
20611,192,805,2281,696,121,515
20621,180,553,3711,696,684,918
20631,168,316,2551,696,976,688
20641,156,145,6371,696,961,377
20651,144,050,9181,696,634,190
20661,132,053,3981,695,973,643
20671,120,182,1211,694,997,001
20681,108,424,5871,693,712,645
20691,096,787,1331,692,129,035
20701,085,287,6181,690,230,784
20711,073,902,3901,687,990,288
20721,062,612,8891,685,415,098
20731,051,380,9061,682,564,511
20741,040,194,8511,679,449,249
20751,029,035,6031,676,034,859
20761,017,860,4641,672,328,378
20771,006,663,1521,668,352,088
2078995,438,0141,664,100,419
2079984,185,3951,659,592,784
2080972,906,8891,654,856,929
2081961,612,9871,649,862,775
2082950,338,4101,644,678,011
2083939,100,1171,639,364,769
2084927,912,3831,633,888,924
2085916,808,8041,628,242,630
2086905,821,0241,622,427,549
2087894,960,2591,616,451,908
2088884,243,8891,610,366,043
2089873,694,7041,604,195,815
2090863,319,5371,597,908,860
2091853,111,7681,591,484,817
2092843,067,0311,584,943,122
2093833,162,1871,578,296,210
2094823,380,9811,571,569,445
2095813,718,7281,564,797,337
2096804,153,5921,557,945,215
2097794,673,4851,551,000,312
2098785,270,3151,543,990,233
2099775,944,4291,536,933,456
2100766,673,2681,529,850,116

China’s baby boom lasted two decades. But by the late 1970s, the Chinese government implemented a one-child policy in an attempt to slow things down and control population growth, out of fear that China was becoming overpopulated.

The plan worked—according to China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission spokesman Mao Qunan, the government’s efforts ended up reducing the number of births over the years by roughly 400 million.

China’s Population is Aging Faster Than India’s

These days, China has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world. By 2040, it’s expected that 28% of the country’s population will be over the age of 60.

In contrast, India’s population is relatively young—half of its population is under 30, and only an eighth is over 60.

Does this mean that India’s GDP will eventually outpace China’s? Not necessarily.

As quoted in an article published in Business Standard, Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist of the Bank of Baroda says that India needs to increase its labor participation, as well as general access to education, in order to reap the benefits of its increasing working-age population.

As of 2022, India’s workforce participation rate sits at 46%, compared to China’s 68%. How will this change in the future?

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This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.

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Misc

Ranked: The Cities with the Most Skyscrapers in 2023

We rank the world’s leading cities with the most skyscrapers, highlighting China’s remarkable dominance in building vertically.

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Ranked: The Cities with the Most Skyscrapers in 2023

When it comes to soaring skylines and architectural marvels, no country has embraced the vertical revolution quite like China.

In this graphic, which uses data from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), we reveal the 25 cities with the most skyscrapers and supertall buildings globally.

Unsurprisingly, China’s cities dominate the list, solidifying the country’s reputation as a global powerhouse of tall buildings.

The 25 Top Cities by Skyscraper Count

Topping the charts is Hong Kong, with an impressive 657 skyscrapers, including six supertalls (buildings over 300 meters tall).

RankCityCountrySkyscrapers (>150m)Supertalls (>300m)
1Hong Kong🇨🇳 China6576
2Shenzhen🇨🇳 China51316
3New York City🇺🇸 United States42116
4Dubai🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates39528
5Guangzhou🇨🇳 China25411
6Shanghai🇨🇳 China2505
7Kuala Lumpur🇲🇾 Malaysia2115
8Chongqing🇨🇳 China2055
9Tokyo🇯🇵 Japan2000
10Wuhan🇨🇳 China1835
11Chicago🇺🇸 United States1787
12Jakarta🇮🇩 Indonesia1601
13Chengdu🇨🇳 China1500
14Bangkok🇹🇭 Thailand1333
15Shenyang🇨🇳 China1293
16Singapore🇸🇬 Singapore1280
17Nanning🇨🇳 China1226
18Mumbai🇮🇳 India1140
19Tianjin🇨🇳 China1093
20Nanjing🇨🇳 China1087
21Toronto🇨🇦 Canada1060
22Busan🇰🇷 South Korea1064
23Seoul🇰🇷 South Korea1042
24Changsha🇨🇳 China975
25Melbourne🇦🇺 Australia941

Hong Kong, along with Shenzhen (#2), and Guangzhou (#5) are part of the burgeoning megacity known as the Pearl River Delta, which is home to over 1,500 skyscrapers. This is even more impressive when considering that Shenzhen was a small fishing village until the 1970s.

New York City secures the third position on the list, boasting an impressive tally of 421 skyscrapers. Although it may have relinquished its title to Chinese cities, the city’s skyline endures as a globally renowned symbol, prominently featuring the iconic Empire State Building. Notably, while the Empire State Building enjoys widespread familiarity, it no longer ranks among the world’s 50 tallest structures.

Rounding out the top five is Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, which grabs the fourth position with 395 skyscrapers, a staggering 28 of which are supertalls. This desert oasis has become synonymous with grandiose architecture and record-breaking structures, exemplified by the Burj Khalifa, which is the world’s current tallest building at 828 meters (2,715 ft).

China’s Numbers in Context

Looking at this data from another perspective, China actually has more skyscrapers on this list than the rest of the world combined.

CountryCities in Top 25SkyscrapersSupertalls
🇨🇳 China12277772
🌐 Rest of World13235067

China’s rapid urbanization, economic growth, and ambitious construction projects have fueled this impressive feat. There’s no doubt that the country’s relentless pursuit of vertical development, coupled with its booming population and thriving cities, has positioned China as the unrivaled leader in the global skyscraper race.

The Future of the Global Skyline

As the world continues to reach new heights in architectural marvels, there are even more supertall skyscrapers in the pipeline that will reshape skylines across the globe.

From the soaring Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, poised to surpass the Burj Khalifa as the world’s tallest building, to the remarkable Merdeka 118 in Kuala Lumpur, which is set to claim the title of the world’s second-tallest structure when it opens in June 2023, these projects will captivate city dwellers for years to come.

Even as these new monumental buildings rise, China’s prominence in the world of skyscrapers—with three cities in the top five globally—is likely to remain unchallenged.

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