Demographics
Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100
Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100
For years, India has been on track to overtake China as the world’s most populated country.
In fact, we’ve covered this phenomenon in past articles, back when India was expected to overtake China’s population by the end of the decade.
However, according to the UN’s latest population prospects, this takeover is projected to happen sooner than previously expected—as early as next year.
This graphic by Pablo Alvarez provides an up-to-date chart of India’s population growth projections compared to other countries. Projection data from Our World in Data ranges from 1800 all the way to until 2100.
Some Historical Context
For over three centuries, China has had the largest population of any country in the world.
In the 1800s, China’s population was about 322 million, which was nearly double India’s at the time. And until the mid-20th century, both countries’ populations stayed relatively stable.
However, in 1949, China’s population started to experience dramatic growth. This occurred after the Chinese Civil War when the People’s Republic of China was first established.
Around the same time, India’s population had also started to increase. Since both countries were experiencing population booms, the status quo remained the same, and China kept its position as the world’s most populated country.
Year | China's Population | India's Population |
---|---|---|
1950 | 543,979,233 | 357,021,106 |
1951 | 553,613,990 | 364,922,356 |
1952 | 564,954,522 | 372,997,192 |
1953 | 577,378,687 | 381,227,710 |
1954 | 589,936,006 | 389,731,408 |
1955 | 603,320,152 | 398,577,988 |
1956 | 616,283,025 | 407,656,598 |
1957 | 630,003,022 | 416,935,404 |
1958 | 643,791,575 | 426,295,767 |
1959 | 652,179,197 | 435,900,351 |
1960 | 654,170,699 | 445,954,573 |
1961 | 655,260,384 | 456,351,883 |
1962 | 664,614,653 | 467,024,195 |
1963 | 683,903,564 | 477,933,620 |
1964 | 704,593,776 | 489,059,307 |
1965 | 723,846,349 | 500,114,347 |
1966 | 742,948,545 | 510,992,615 |
1967 | 761,006,267 | 521,987,066 |
1968 | 780,371,962 | 533,431,917 |
1969 | 801,430,969 | 545,314,679 |
1970 | 822,534,453 | 557,501,303 |
1971 | 843,285,425 | 569,999,181 |
1972 | 862,840,402 | 582,837,969 |
1973 | 881,652,084 | 596,107,487 |
1974 | 899,367,646 | 609,721,954 |
1975 | 915,124,664 | 623,524,225 |
1976 | 929,375,929 | 637,451,444 |
1977 | 942,581,333 | 651,685,632 |
1978 | 955,138,940 | 666,267,761 |
1979 | 968,298,969 | 681,248,379 |
1980 | 982,372,463 | 696,828,379 |
1981 | 997,259,502 | 712,869,300 |
1982 | 1,013,483,168 | 729,169,469 |
1983 | 1,029,226,907 | 745,826,550 |
1984 | 1,044,172,200 | 762,895,161 |
1985 | 1,060,239,983 | 780,242,087 |
1986 | 1,077,770,524 | 797,878,992 |
1987 | 1,096,851,842 | 815,716,128 |
1988 | 1,115,889,802 | 833,729,683 |
1989 | 1,134,414,721 | 852,012,670 |
1990 | 1,153,704,251 | 870,452,162 |
1991 | 1,170,626,176 | 888,941,763 |
1992 | 1,183,813,393 | 907,574,051 |
1993 | 1,195,855,556 | 926,351,289 |
1994 | 1,207,286,682 | 945,261,956 |
1995 | 1,218,144,429 | 964,279,137 |
1996 | 1,228,298,833 | 983,281,216 |
1997 | 1,237,801,449 | 1,002,335,231 |
1998 | 1,246,836,111 | 1,021,434,572 |
1999 | 1,255,433,237 | 1,040,500,049 |
2000 | 1,264,099,069 | 1,059,633,672 |
2001 | 1,272,739,587 | 1,078,970,908 |
2002 | 1,280,926,121 | 1,098,313,030 |
2003 | 1,288,873,365 | 1,117,415,122 |
2004 | 1,296,816,706 | 1,136,264,583 |
2005 | 1,304,887,557 | 1,154,638,717 |
2006 | 1,313,086,568 | 1,172,373,788 |
2007 | 1,321,513,227 | 1,189,691,814 |
2008 | 1,330,167,144 | 1,206,734,803 |
2009 | 1,339,125,592 | 1,223,640,160 |
2010 | 1,348,191,371 | 1,240,613,616 |
2011 | 1,357,095,485 | 1,257,621,190 |
2012 | 1,366,560,818 | 1,274,487,221 |
2013 | 1,376,100,301 | 1,291,132,067 |
2014 | 1,385,189,671 | 1,307,246,508 |
2015 | 1,393,715,448 | 1,322,866,506 |
2016 | 1,401,889,685 | 1,338,636,336 |
2017 | 1,410,275,956 | 1,354,195,684 |
2018 | 1,417,069,462 | 1,369,003,309 |
2019 | 1,421,864,032 | 1,383,112,049 |
2020 | 1,424,929,785 | 1,396,387,128 |
2021 | 1,425,893,463 | 1,407,563,841 |
2022 | 1,425,887,335 | 1,417,173,176 |
2023 | 1,425,671,353 | 1,428,627,666 |
2024 | 1,425,178,781 | 1,441,719,857 |
2025 | 1,424,381,923 | 1,454,606,728 |
2026 | 1,423,255,200 | 1,467,231,220 |
2027 | 1,421,809,061 | 1,479,578,524 |
2028 | 1,420,045,577 | 1,491,671,044 |
2029 | 1,417,974,640 | 1,503,470,599 |
2030 | 1,415,605,903 | 1,514,994,087 |
2031 | 1,412,946,006 | 1,526,208,895 |
2032 | 1,410,012,870 | 1,537,108,031 |
2033 | 1,406,810,382 | 1,547,689,840 |
2034 | 1,403,314,820 | 1,557,919,804 |
2035 | 1,399,547,502 | 1,567,802,259 |
2036 | 1,395,546,725 | 1,577,302,810 |
2037 | 1,391,338,419 | 1,586,438,626 |
2038 | 1,386,952,001 | 1,595,245,784 |
2039 | 1,382,367,126 | 1,603,664,860 |
2040 | 1,377,556,940 | 1,611,676,335 |
2041 | 1,372,522,392 | 1,619,318,358 |
2042 | 1,367,267,098 | 1,626,585,371 |
2043 | 1,361,737,253 | 1,633,430,527 |
2044 | 1,355,912,814 | 1,639,837,776 |
2045 | 1,349,756,905 | 1,645,863,188 |
2046 | 1,343,210,239 | 1,651,513,758 |
2047 | 1,336,262,905 | 1,656,777,044 |
2048 | 1,328,873,608 | 1,661,705,661 |
2049 | 1,321,004,204 | 1,666,284,988 |
2050 | 1,312,636,324 | 1,670,490,601 |
2051 | 1,303,756,602 | 1,674,343,637 |
2052 | 1,294,381,084 | 1,677,872,878 |
2053 | 1,284,539,872 | 1,681,073,177 |
2054 | 1,274,244,757 | 1,683,955,037 |
2055 | 1,263,512,556 | 1,686,563,352 |
2056 | 1,252,371,986 | 1,688,894,376 |
2057 | 1,240,879,994 | 1,690,942,710 |
2058 | 1,229,126,155 | 1,692,704,326 |
2059 | 1,217,157,937 | 1,694,150,262 |
2060 | 1,205,020,648 | 1,695,285,494 |
2061 | 1,192,805,228 | 1,696,121,515 |
2062 | 1,180,553,371 | 1,696,684,918 |
2063 | 1,168,316,255 | 1,696,976,688 |
2064 | 1,156,145,637 | 1,696,961,377 |
2065 | 1,144,050,918 | 1,696,634,190 |
2066 | 1,132,053,398 | 1,695,973,643 |
2067 | 1,120,182,121 | 1,694,997,001 |
2068 | 1,108,424,587 | 1,693,712,645 |
2069 | 1,096,787,133 | 1,692,129,035 |
2070 | 1,085,287,618 | 1,690,230,784 |
2071 | 1,073,902,390 | 1,687,990,288 |
2072 | 1,062,612,889 | 1,685,415,098 |
2073 | 1,051,380,906 | 1,682,564,511 |
2074 | 1,040,194,851 | 1,679,449,249 |
2075 | 1,029,035,603 | 1,676,034,859 |
2076 | 1,017,860,464 | 1,672,328,378 |
2077 | 1,006,663,152 | 1,668,352,088 |
2078 | 995,438,014 | 1,664,100,419 |
2079 | 984,185,395 | 1,659,592,784 |
2080 | 972,906,889 | 1,654,856,929 |
2081 | 961,612,987 | 1,649,862,775 |
2082 | 950,338,410 | 1,644,678,011 |
2083 | 939,100,117 | 1,639,364,769 |
2084 | 927,912,383 | 1,633,888,924 |
2085 | 916,808,804 | 1,628,242,630 |
2086 | 905,821,024 | 1,622,427,549 |
2087 | 894,960,259 | 1,616,451,908 |
2088 | 884,243,889 | 1,610,366,043 |
2089 | 873,694,704 | 1,604,195,815 |
2090 | 863,319,537 | 1,597,908,860 |
2091 | 853,111,768 | 1,591,484,817 |
2092 | 843,067,031 | 1,584,943,122 |
2093 | 833,162,187 | 1,578,296,210 |
2094 | 823,380,981 | 1,571,569,445 |
2095 | 813,718,728 | 1,564,797,337 |
2096 | 804,153,592 | 1,557,945,215 |
2097 | 794,673,485 | 1,551,000,312 |
2098 | 785,270,315 | 1,543,990,233 |
2099 | 775,944,429 | 1,536,933,456 |
2100 | 766,673,268 | 1,529,850,116 |
China’s baby boom lasted two decades. But by the late 1970s, the Chinese government implemented a one-child policy in an attempt to slow things down and control population growth, out of fear that China was becoming overpopulated.
The plan worked—according to China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission spokesman Mao Qunan, the government’s efforts ended up reducing the number of births over the years by roughly 400 million.
China’s Population is Aging Faster Than India’s
These days, China has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world. By 2040, it’s expected that 28% of the country’s population will be over the age of 60.
In contrast, India’s population is relatively young—half of its population is under 30, and only an eighth is over 60.
Does this mean that India’s GDP will eventually outpace China’s? Not necessarily.
As quoted in an article published in Business Standard, Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist of the Bank of Baroda says that India needs to increase its labor participation, as well as general access to education, in order to reap the benefits of its increasing working-age population.
As of 2022, India’s workforce participation rate sits at 46%, compared to China’s 68%. How will this change in the future?

This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.
Energy
Charted: The World’s Biggest Oil Producers
Just three countries—the U.S., Saudi Arabia and Russia—make up the lion’s share of global oil supply. Here are the biggest oil producers in 2022.

Charted: The World’s Biggest Oil Producers in 2022
In 2022 oil prices peaked at more than $100 per barrel, hitting an eight-year high, after a full year of turmoil in the energy markets in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Oil companies doubled their profits and the economies of the biggest oil producers in the world got a major boost.
But which countries are responsible for most of the world’s oil supply? Using data from the Statistical Review of World Energy by the Energy Institute, we’ve visualized and ranked the world’s biggest oil producers.
Ranked: Oil Production By Country, in 2022
The U.S. has been the world’s biggest oil producer since 2018 and continued its dominance in 2022 by producing close to 18 million barrels per day (B/D). This accounted for nearly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply.
Almost three-fourths of the country’s oil production is centered around five states: Texas, New Mexico, North Dakota, Alaska, and Colorado.
We rank the other major oil producers in the world below.
Rank | Country | 2022 Production (Thousand B/D) | YoY Change | Share of World Supply |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 🇺🇸 U.S. | 17,770 | +6.5% | 18.9% |
2 | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 12,136 | +10.8% | 12.9% |
3 | 🇷🇺 Russia | 11,202 | +1.8% | 11.9% |
4 | 🇨🇦 Canada | 5,576 | +3.0% | 5.9% |
5 | 🇮🇶 Iraq | 4,520 | +10.2% | 4.8% |
6 | 🇨🇳 China | 4,111 | +2.9% | 4.4% |
7 | 🇦🇪 UAE | 4,020 | +10.4% | 4.3% |
8 | 🇮🇷 Iran | 3,822 | +4.6% | 4.1% |
9 | 🇧🇷 Brazil | 3,107 | +3.9% | 3.3% |
10 | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 3,028 | +12.0% | 3.2% |
11 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | 1,944 | +0.9% | 2.1% |
12 | 🇳🇴 Norway | 1,901 | -6.3% | 2.0% |
13 | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 1,769 | -2.0% | 1.9% |
14 | 🇶🇦 Qatar | 1,768 | +1.8% | 1.9% |
15 | 🇩🇿 Algeria | 1,474 | +8.9% | 1.6% |
16 | 🇳🇬 Nigeria | 1,450 | -11.2% | 1.5% |
17 | 🇦🇴 Angola | 1,190 | +1.1% | 1.3% |
18 | 🇱🇾 Libya | 1,088 | -14.3% | 1.2% |
19 | 🇴🇲 Oman | 1,064 | +9.6% | 1.1% |
20 | 🇬🇧 UK | 778 | -11.0% | 0.8% |
21 | 🇨🇴 Colombia | 754 | +2.4% | 0.8% |
22 | 🇮🇳 India | 737 | -3.8% | 0.8% |
23 | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | 731 | +8.1% | 0.8% |
24 | 🇦🇷 Argentina | 706 | +12.4% | 0.8% |
25 | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 685 | -5.6% | 0.7% |
26 | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 644 | -6.9% | 0.7% |
27 | 🇪🇬 Egypt | 613 | +0.8% | 0.7% |
28 | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 567 | -1.7% | 0.6% |
29 | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | 481 | +1.7% | 0.5% |
30 | 🇦🇺 Australia | 420 | -5.2% | 0.4% |
31 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 331 | -17.5% | 0.4% |
32 | 🇨🇩 Congo | 269 | -1.7% | 0.3% |
33 | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 244 | +1.0% | 0.3% |
34 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 194 | -1.2% | 0.2% |
35 | 🇬🇦 Gabon | 191 | +5.4% | 0.2% |
36 | 🇸🇸 South Sudan | 141 | -7.6% | 0.2% |
37 | 🇵🇪 Peru | 128 | +0.5% | 0.1% |
38 | 🇹🇩 Chad | 124 | +6.2% | 0.1% |
39 | 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | 119 | -9.2% | 0.1% |
40 | 🇸🇾 Syria | 93 | -2.7% | 0.1% |
41 | 🇮🇹 Italy | 92 | -7.9% | 0.1% |
42 | 🇧🇳 Brunei | 92 | -13.8% | 0.1% |
43 | 🇾🇪 Yemen | 81 | -2.4% | 0.1% |
44 | 🇹🇹 Trinidad & Tobago | 74 | -3.6% | 0.1% |
45 | 🇷🇴 Romania | 65 | -6.2% | 0.1% |
46 | 🇩🇰 Denmark | 65 | -1.6% | 0.1% |
47 | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | 63 | -0.9% | 0.1% |
48 | 🇸🇩 Sudan | 62 | -3.3% | 0.1% |
49 | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | 40 | -12.9% | 0.0% |
50 | Other CIS | 43 | +4.4% | 0.0% |
51 | Other Middle East | 210 | +1.2% | 0.2% |
52 | Other Africa | 283 | -3.4% | 0.3% |
53 | Other Europe | 230 | -20.5% | 0.2% |
54 | Other Asia Pacific | 177 | -10.6% | 0.2% |
55 | Other S. & Cent. America | 381 | +68.5% | 0.4% |
Total World | 93,848 | +4.2% | 100.0% |
Behind America’s considerable lead in oil production, Saudi Arabia (ranked 2nd) produced 12 million B/D, accounting for about 13% of global supply.
Russia came in third with 11 million B/D in 2022. Together, these top three oil producing behemoths, along with Canada (4th) and Iraq (5th), make up more than half of the entire world’s oil supply.
Meanwhile, the top 10 oil producers, including those ranked 6th to 10th—China, UAE, Iran, Brazil, and Kuwait—are responsible for more than 70% of the world’s oil production.
Notably, all top 10 oil giants increased their production between 2021–2022, and as a result, global output rose 4.2% year-on-year.
Major Oil Producing Regions in 2022
The Middle East accounts for one-third of global oil production and North America makes up almost another one-third of production. The Commonwealth of Independent States—an organization of post-Soviet Union countries—is another major regional producer of oil, with a 15% share of world production.
Region | 2022 Production (Thousand B/D) | YoY Change | Share of World Supply |
---|---|---|---|
Middle East | 30,743 | +9.2% | 32.8% |
North America | 25,290 | +5.3% | 27.0% |
CIS | 14,006 | +0.9% | 14.9% |
Africa | 7,043 | -3.5% | 7.5% |
Asia Pacific | 7,273 | -1.4% | 7.8% |
South & Central America | 6,361 | 7.2% | 6.8% |
Europe | 3,131 | -8.6% | 3.3% |
What’s starkly apparent in the data however is Europe’s declining share of oil production, now at 3% of the world’s supply. In the last 20 years the EU’s oil output has dropped by more than 50% due to a variety of factors, including stricter environmental regulations and a shift to natural gas.
Another lens to look at regional production is through OPEC members, which control about 35% of the world’s oil output and about 70% of the world’s oil reserves.
When taking into account the group of 10 oil exporting countries OPEC has relationships with, known as OPEC+, the share of oil production increases to more than half of the world’s supply.
Oil’s Big Balancing Act
Since it’s the very lifeblood of the modern economy, the countries that control significant amounts of oil production also reap immense political and economic benefits. Entire regions have been catapulted into prosperity and wars have been fought over the control of the resource.
At the same time, the ongoing effort to pivot to renewable energy is pushing many major oil exporters to diversify their economies. A notable example is Saudi Arabia, whose sovereign wealth fund has invested in companies like Uber and WeWork.
However, the world still needs oil, as it supplies nearly one-third of global energy demand.
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