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Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100

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Charting out India's population growth over the years

Visualizing India’s Population Growth from 2022-2100

For years, India has been on track to overtake China as the world’s most populated country.

In fact, we’ve covered this phenomenon in past articles, back when India was expected to overtake China’s population by the end of the decade.

However, according to the UN’s latest population prospects, this takeover is projected to happen sooner than previously expected—as early as next year.

This graphic by Pablo Alvarez provides an up-to-date chart of India’s population growth projections compared to other countries. Projection data from Our World in Data ranges from 1800 all the way to until 2100.

Some Historical Context

For over three centuries, China has had the largest population of any country in the world.

In the 1800s, China’s population was about 322 million, which was nearly double India’s at the time. And until the mid-20th century, both countries’ populations stayed relatively stable.

However, in 1949, China’s population started to experience dramatic growth. This occurred after the Chinese Civil War when the People’s Republic of China was first established.

Around the same time, India’s population had also started to increase. Since both countries were experiencing population booms, the status quo remained the same, and China kept its position as the world’s most populated country.

YearChina's PopulationIndia's Population
1950543,979,233357,021,106
1951553,613,990364,922,356
1952564,954,522372,997,192
1953577,378,687381,227,710
1954589,936,006389,731,408
1955603,320,152398,577,988
1956616,283,025407,656,598
1957630,003,022416,935,404
1958643,791,575426,295,767
1959652,179,197435,900,351
1960654,170,699445,954,573
1961655,260,384456,351,883
1962664,614,653467,024,195
1963683,903,564477,933,620
1964704,593,776489,059,307
1965723,846,349500,114,347
1966742,948,545510,992,615
1967761,006,267521,987,066
1968780,371,962533,431,917
1969801,430,969545,314,679
1970822,534,453557,501,303
1971843,285,425569,999,181
1972862,840,402582,837,969
1973881,652,084596,107,487
1974899,367,646609,721,954
1975915,124,664623,524,225
1976929,375,929637,451,444
1977942,581,333651,685,632
1978955,138,940666,267,761
1979968,298,969681,248,379
1980982,372,463696,828,379
1981997,259,502712,869,300
19821,013,483,168729,169,469
19831,029,226,907745,826,550
19841,044,172,200762,895,161
19851,060,239,983780,242,087
19861,077,770,524797,878,992
19871,096,851,842815,716,128
19881,115,889,802833,729,683
19891,134,414,721852,012,670
19901,153,704,251870,452,162
19911,170,626,176888,941,763
19921,183,813,393907,574,051
19931,195,855,556926,351,289
19941,207,286,682945,261,956
19951,218,144,429964,279,137
19961,228,298,833983,281,216
19971,237,801,4491,002,335,231
19981,246,836,1111,021,434,572
19991,255,433,2371,040,500,049
20001,264,099,0691,059,633,672
20011,272,739,5871,078,970,908
20021,280,926,1211,098,313,030
20031,288,873,3651,117,415,122
20041,296,816,7061,136,264,583
20051,304,887,5571,154,638,717
20061,313,086,5681,172,373,788
20071,321,513,2271,189,691,814
20081,330,167,1441,206,734,803
20091,339,125,5921,223,640,160
20101,348,191,3711,240,613,616
20111,357,095,4851,257,621,190
20121,366,560,8181,274,487,221
20131,376,100,3011,291,132,067
20141,385,189,6711,307,246,508
20151,393,715,4481,322,866,506
20161,401,889,6851,338,636,336
20171,410,275,9561,354,195,684
20181,417,069,4621,369,003,309
20191,421,864,0321,383,112,049
20201,424,929,7851,396,387,128
20211,425,893,4631,407,563,841
20221,425,887,3351,417,173,176
20231,425,671,3531,428,627,666
20241,425,178,7811,441,719,857
20251,424,381,9231,454,606,728
20261,423,255,2001,467,231,220
20271,421,809,0611,479,578,524
20281,420,045,5771,491,671,044
20291,417,974,6401,503,470,599
20301,415,605,9031,514,994,087
20311,412,946,0061,526,208,895
20321,410,012,8701,537,108,031
20331,406,810,3821,547,689,840
20341,403,314,8201,557,919,804
20351,399,547,5021,567,802,259
20361,395,546,7251,577,302,810
20371,391,338,4191,586,438,626
20381,386,952,0011,595,245,784
20391,382,367,1261,603,664,860
20401,377,556,9401,611,676,335
20411,372,522,3921,619,318,358
20421,367,267,0981,626,585,371
20431,361,737,2531,633,430,527
20441,355,912,8141,639,837,776
20451,349,756,9051,645,863,188
20461,343,210,2391,651,513,758
20471,336,262,9051,656,777,044
20481,328,873,6081,661,705,661
20491,321,004,2041,666,284,988
20501,312,636,3241,670,490,601
20511,303,756,6021,674,343,637
20521,294,381,0841,677,872,878
20531,284,539,8721,681,073,177
20541,274,244,7571,683,955,037
20551,263,512,5561,686,563,352
20561,252,371,9861,688,894,376
20571,240,879,9941,690,942,710
20581,229,126,1551,692,704,326
20591,217,157,9371,694,150,262
20601,205,020,6481,695,285,494
20611,192,805,2281,696,121,515
20621,180,553,3711,696,684,918
20631,168,316,2551,696,976,688
20641,156,145,6371,696,961,377
20651,144,050,9181,696,634,190
20661,132,053,3981,695,973,643
20671,120,182,1211,694,997,001
20681,108,424,5871,693,712,645
20691,096,787,1331,692,129,035
20701,085,287,6181,690,230,784
20711,073,902,3901,687,990,288
20721,062,612,8891,685,415,098
20731,051,380,9061,682,564,511
20741,040,194,8511,679,449,249
20751,029,035,6031,676,034,859
20761,017,860,4641,672,328,378
20771,006,663,1521,668,352,088
2078995,438,0141,664,100,419
2079984,185,3951,659,592,784
2080972,906,8891,654,856,929
2081961,612,9871,649,862,775
2082950,338,4101,644,678,011
2083939,100,1171,639,364,769
2084927,912,3831,633,888,924
2085916,808,8041,628,242,630
2086905,821,0241,622,427,549
2087894,960,2591,616,451,908
2088884,243,8891,610,366,043
2089873,694,7041,604,195,815
2090863,319,5371,597,908,860
2091853,111,7681,591,484,817
2092843,067,0311,584,943,122
2093833,162,1871,578,296,210
2094823,380,9811,571,569,445
2095813,718,7281,564,797,337
2096804,153,5921,557,945,215
2097794,673,4851,551,000,312
2098785,270,3151,543,990,233
2099775,944,4291,536,933,456
2100766,673,2681,529,850,116

China’s baby boom lasted two decades. But by the late 1970s, the Chinese government implemented a one-child policy in an attempt to slow things down and control population growth, out of fear that China was becoming overpopulated.

The plan worked—according to China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission spokesman Mao Qunan, the government’s efforts ended up reducing the number of births over the years by roughly 400 million.

China’s Population is Aging Faster Than India’s

These days, China has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world. By 2040, it’s expected that 28% of the country’s population will be over the age of 60.

In contrast, India’s population is relatively young—half of its population is under 30, and only an eighth is over 60.

Does this mean that India’s GDP will eventually outpace China’s? Not necessarily.

As quoted in an article published in Business Standard, Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist of the Bank of Baroda says that India needs to increase its labor participation, as well as general access to education, in order to reap the benefits of its increasing working-age population.

As of 2022, India’s workforce participation rate sits at 46%, compared to China’s 68%. How will this change in the future?

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This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.

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Energy

Charted: The World’s Biggest Oil Producers

Just three countries—the U.S., Saudi Arabia and Russia—make up the lion’s share of global oil supply. Here are the biggest oil producers in 2022.

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A cropped chart with the per day production by the biggest oil producers in 2022.

Charted: The World’s Biggest Oil Producers in 2022

In 2022 oil prices peaked at more than $100 per barrel, hitting an eight-year high, after a full year of turmoil in the energy markets in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Oil companies doubled their profits and the economies of the biggest oil producers in the world got a major boost.

But which countries are responsible for most of the world’s oil supply? Using data from the Statistical Review of World Energy by the Energy Institute, we’ve visualized and ranked the world’s biggest oil producers.

Ranked: Oil Production By Country, in 2022

The U.S. has been the world’s biggest oil producer since 2018 and continued its dominance in 2022 by producing close to 18 million barrels per day (B/D). This accounted for nearly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply.

Almost three-fourths of the country’s oil production is centered around five states: Texas, New Mexico, North Dakota, Alaska, and Colorado.

We rank the other major oil producers in the world below.

RankCountry2022 Production
(Thousand B/D)
YoY ChangeShare of
World Supply
1🇺🇸 U.S.17,770+6.5%18.9%
2🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia12,136+10.8%12.9%
3🇷🇺 Russia11,202+1.8%11.9%
4🇨🇦 Canada5,576+3.0%5.9%
5🇮🇶 Iraq4,520+10.2%4.8%
6🇨🇳 China4,111+2.9%4.4%
7🇦🇪 UAE4,020+10.4%4.3%
8🇮🇷 Iran3,822+4.6%4.1%
9🇧🇷 Brazil3,107+3.9%3.3%
10🇰🇼 Kuwait3,028+12.0%3.2%
11🇲🇽 Mexico1,944+0.9%2.1%
12🇳🇴 Norway1,901-6.3%2.0%
13🇰🇿 Kazakhstan1,769-2.0%1.9%
14🇶🇦 Qatar1,768+1.8%1.9%
15🇩🇿 Algeria1,474+8.9%1.6%
16🇳🇬 Nigeria1,450-11.2%1.5%
17🇦🇴 Angola1,190+1.1%1.3%
18🇱🇾 Libya1,088-14.3%1.2%
19🇴🇲 Oman1,064+9.6%1.1%
20🇬🇧 UK778-11.0%0.8%
21🇨🇴 Colombia754+2.4%0.8%
22🇮🇳 India737-3.8%0.8%
23🇻🇪 Venezuela731+8.1%0.8%
24🇦🇷 Argentina706+12.4%0.8%
25🇦🇿 Azerbaijan685-5.6%0.7%
26🇮🇩 Indonesia644-6.9%0.7%
27🇪🇬 Egypt613+0.8%0.7%
28🇲🇾 Malaysia567-1.7%0.6%
29🇪🇨 Ecuador481+1.7%0.5%
30🇦🇺 Australia420-5.2%0.4%
31🇹🇭 Thailand331-17.5%0.4%
32🇨🇩 Congo269-1.7%0.3%
33🇹🇲 Turkmenistan244+1.0%0.3%
34🇻🇳 Vietnam194-1.2%0.2%
35🇬🇦 Gabon191+5.4%0.2%
36🇸🇸 South Sudan141-7.6%0.2%
37🇵🇪 Peru128+0.5%0.1%
38🇹🇩 Chad124+6.2%0.1%
39🇬🇶 Equatorial
Guinea
119-9.2%0.1%
40🇸🇾 Syria93-2.7%0.1%
41🇮🇹 Italy92-7.9%0.1%
42🇧🇳 Brunei92-13.8%0.1%
43🇾🇪 Yemen81-2.4%0.1%
44🇹🇹 Trinidad
& Tobago
74-3.6%0.1%
45🇷🇴 Romania65-6.2%0.1%
46🇩🇰 Denmark65-1.6%0.1%
47🇺🇿 Uzbekistan63-0.9%0.1%
48🇸🇩 Sudan62-3.3%0.1%
49🇹🇳 Tunisia40-12.9%0.0%
50Other CIS43+4.4%0.0%
51Other Middle East210+1.2%0.2%
52Other Africa283-3.4%0.3%
53Other Europe230-20.5%0.2%
54Other Asia Pacific177-10.6%0.2%
55Other S. &
Cent. America
381+68.5%0.4%
Total World93,848+4.2%100.0%

Behind America’s considerable lead in oil production, Saudi Arabia (ranked 2nd) produced 12 million B/D, accounting for about 13% of global supply.

Russia came in third with 11 million B/D in 2022. Together, these top three oil producing behemoths, along with Canada (4th) and Iraq (5th), make up more than half of the entire world’s oil supply.

Meanwhile, the top 10 oil producers, including those ranked 6th to 10th—China, UAE, Iran, Brazil, and Kuwait—are responsible for more than 70% of the world’s oil production.

Notably, all top 10 oil giants increased their production between 2021–2022, and as a result, global output rose 4.2% year-on-year.

Major Oil Producing Regions in 2022

The Middle East accounts for one-third of global oil production and North America makes up almost another one-third of production. The Commonwealth of Independent States—an organization of post-Soviet Union countries—is another major regional producer of oil, with a 15% share of world production.

Region2022 Production
(Thousand B/D)
YoY ChangeShare of
World Supply
Middle East30,743+9.2%32.8%
North America25,290+5.3%27.0%
CIS14,006+0.9%14.9%
Africa7,043-3.5%7.5%
Asia Pacific7,273-1.4%7.8%
South & Central
America
6,3617.2%6.8%
Europe3,131-8.6%3.3%

What’s starkly apparent in the data however is Europe’s declining share of oil production, now at 3% of the world’s supply. In the last 20 years the EU’s oil output has dropped by more than 50% due to a variety of factors, including stricter environmental regulations and a shift to natural gas.

Another lens to look at regional production is through OPEC members, which control about 35% of the world’s oil output and about 70% of the world’s oil reserves.

A pictogram of the regional per day production by the biggest oil producers in 2022.

When taking into account the group of 10 oil exporting countries OPEC has relationships with, known as OPEC+, the share of oil production increases to more than half of the world’s supply.

Oil’s Big Balancing Act

Since it’s the very lifeblood of the modern economy, the countries that control significant amounts of oil production also reap immense political and economic benefits. Entire regions have been catapulted into prosperity and wars have been fought over the control of the resource.

At the same time, the ongoing effort to pivot to renewable energy is pushing many major oil exporters to diversify their economies. A notable example is Saudi Arabia, whose sovereign wealth fund has invested in companies like Uber and WeWork.

However, the world still needs oil, as it supplies nearly one-third of global energy demand.

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