Maps
The Yuxi Circle: The World’s Most Densely Populated Area
The Yuxi Circle: The World’s Most Densely Populated Area
If you wanted to capture over 55% of the global population inside a circle with a 4,000km radius, which city would you place at its epicenter?
In 2013, a post appeared on Reddit marking a circular area of the globe with “more people living inside this circle than outside of it.” The circle had a radius of 4,000 km (just under 2,500 miles) and was named the Valeriepieris circle after author Ken Myers’ username.
Acknowledging that the Valeriepieris circle is not actually a circle (it was drawn on a two-dimensional map rather than a globe) and is based on data that has become outdated, mapmaker Alasdair Rae went digging and discovered what he calls The Yuxi Circle, the world’s most densely populated area.
Introducing the Yuxi Circle
Rae traced circles around 1,500 cities worldwide to find out how many people lived within a 4,000 km radius, just like the original Valeriepieris circle. He based his calculations on WorldPop data from 2020, based on a global population of 7.8 billion people.
Of the 1,500 circles that Rae made calculations for, 148 contained populations of 4 billion or more. He found many examples in Asia including in China, Myanmar (Mandalay), Laos (Vientiane), Bangladesh (Chattogram), India (Agartala), Bhutan (Thimpu), and Vietnam (Hanoi) to name a few.
But of them all, Yuxi, a city in the Yunnan province of China, has the largest population living within a 4,000 km radius: 4.32 billion.
Put another way? The circle encompasses over 55% of the world’s population, despite including desolate areas like the Taklamakan Desert, the Tibetan Plateau, Mongolia, and Southern Siberia.
Densely Populated Areas Around the Globe
Rae’s search for densely populated clusters also turned up notable circles beyond Asia. They surrounded cities like Cairo, Paris, and Mexico City.
Note: Keep in mind that the white lines on the flat maps are equidistant circles but will only look like circles when plotted on a globe.
Circling Hanoi yields a population of 4.27 billion (54% of the global population). It was the runner up city circle in Rae’s original search.
Circling Cairo yields a population of 2.29 billion. This circle reaches most of Europe while still containing populated areas of India, Pakistan, and Africa.
Comparatively, circling Paris yields a population of 1.19 billion. This Euro-centric circle contains large tracts of water and scarcely populated islands such as Iceland and Greenland.
Across the Atlantic, circling Mexico City yields a population of 0.73 billion. It’s significantly smaller than the other circles, as the total population in the Americas is concentrated in just three countries, the U.S., Mexico, and Brazil (not included in this circle).
It’s worth noting that the Valeriepieris circle also inspired other people to look at population density in different ways. In 2015, Danny Quah of the London School of Economics looked more closely at the Valeriepieris circle and was inspired to find the smallest circle with more people living inside of it than outside. He determined that a circle with a radius of 3,300 km centered near Mong Khet, Myanmar was “the world’s tightest cluster of people.”
While the Yuxi Circle contains the largest population using Rae’s approach as of early 2022, global populations are constantly changing. Who knows where the next Yuxi Circle will be?
This article was published as a part of Visual Capitalist's Creator Program, which features data-driven visuals from some of our favorite Creators around the world.
Misc
Mapped: Asia’s Population Patterns by Density
We visualize Asia’s population patterns to see where 4.6 billion people, or two-thirds of the world’s population, actually live.
A Map of Asia’s Population Patterns by Density
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Nearly 60% of the world’s 8 billion population lives in Asia: a vast continent sprawling over 44 million km², home to sprawling megacities, high-altitude deserts, the world’s biggest plateau, and impenetrable rainforests.
We visualize Asia’s population patterns using data from WorldPop—a research group based out of the University of Southampton that tracks population growth and movement across the globe.
A spike on the map denotes higher population density.
Other figures in this article are sourced from World Population Review (population numbers) and the World Bank (area).
Ranked: Asia’s Countries By Population
Immediately the map visualizes at impressive scale a rather well-known fact: that India and China together account for 35% of the world’s population just by themselves.
Pakistan (ranked 4th in population) and Bangladesh (ranked 5th) together account for another 400 million people.
The role of the Himalayas in this distribution is understated: the mountain range is a source of ten major rivers, flowing to India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and China, providing fresh water to 1.3 billion people in its watershed.
Rank | Country | Population | Area |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 🇮🇳 India | 1,437,982,661 | 3,287,260 km² |
2 | 🇨🇳 China | 1,425,317,720 | 9,562,910 km² |
3 | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 279,119,626 | 1,916,907 km² |
4 | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | 243,772,596 | 796,100 km² |
5 | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | 174,173,808 | 147,570 km² |
6 | 🇷🇺 Russia | 144,101,449 | 17,098,250 km² |
7 | 🇯🇵 Japan | 122,833,540 | 377,974 km² |
8 | 🇵🇭 Philippines | 119,106,224 | 300,000 km² |
9 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 99,308,524 | 331,340 km² |
10 | 🇮🇷 Iran | 89,626,661 | 1,745,150 km² |
11 | 🇹🇷 Turkey | 86,127,389 | 785,350 km² |
12 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 71,863,281 | 513,120 km² |
13 | 🇲🇲 Myanmar | 54,849,472 | 676,590 km² |
14 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 51,756,284 | 100,430 km² |
15 | 🇮🇶 Iraq | 46,225,266 | 435,050 km² |
16 | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | 43,026,322 | 652,860 km² |
17 | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 37,473,929 | 2,149,690 km² |
18 | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | 35,522,965 | 448,924 km² |
19 | 🇾🇪 Yemen | 34,982,136 | 555,000 km² |
20 | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 34,562,556 | 330,411 km² |
21 | 🇳🇵 Nepal | 31,136,781 | 147,180 km² |
22 | 🇰🇵 North Korea | 26,220,850 | 120,540 km² |
23 | 🇸🇾 Syria | 24,010,759 | 185,180 km² |
24 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan | 23,942,522 | 36,197 km² |
25 | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | 21,933,155 | 65,610 km² |
26 | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 19,764,158 | 2,724,900 km² |
27 | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | 17,071,236 | 181,040 km² |
28 | 🇯🇴 Jordan | 11,368,898 | 89,318 km² |
29 | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 10,448,636 | 86,600 km² |
30 | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | 10,277,238 | 141,379 km² |
31 | 🇦🇪 UAE | 9,569,300 | 98,648 km² |
32 | 🇮🇱 Israel | 9,272,228 | 22,070 km² |
33 | 🇱🇦 Laos | 7,736,681 | 236,800 km² |
34 | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | 6,807,948 | 199,950 km² |
35 | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 6,573,631 | 488,100 km² |
36 | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 6,119,203 | 728 km² |
37 | 🇵🇸 Palestine | 5,494,963 | 6,025 km² |
38 | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | 5,257,501 | 10,450 km² |
39 | 🇴🇲 Oman | 4,692,824 | 309,500 km² |
40 | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 4,337,703 | 17,820 km² |
41 | 🇬🇪 Georgia | 3,720,477 | 69,700 km² |
42 | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | 3,480,040 | 1,564,116 km² |
43 | 🇦🇲 Armenia | 2,777,979 | 29,743 km² |
44 | 🇶🇦 Qatar | 2,730,864 | 11,490 km² |
45 | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | 1,494,745 | 790 km² |
46 | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | 1,374,025 | 14,870 km² |
47 | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | 1,260,138 | 9,250 km² |
48 | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | 790,918 | 38,390 km² |
49 | 🇲🇻 Maldives | 518,765 | 300 km² |
50 | 🇧🇳 Brunei | 454,869 | 5,770 km² |
Note: Russia and Georgia are typically regarded as European countries for cultural reasons, despite their geographic locations. They have been included in the dataset for context only.
Other countries that are covered by red: Indonesia (ranked 4th in population), Japan (ranked 7th), and the Philippines (8th), are all some of Asia’s most populous countries.
They also have some of the world’s densest cities:
- Manila: 42,857 people/km²
- Mumbai: 28,195 people/km²
- Karachi: 24,000 people/km²
- Jakarta: 14,464 people/km²
Tokyo and Beijing—despite being some of the world’s largest cities by population—record lower densities in comparison, helped by their much larger administrative areas.
But when sorted by average population density across the entire country, the ranks look a little bit different.
Ranked: Asia’s Countries By Population Density
The city state of Singapore is the densest country in Asia, with more than 8,000 people/km². Far behind it, the similarly sized in area Bahrain has one-sixth the population and ranks second (1,892/km²) in Asia’s densest countries.
Rank | Country | Population Density |
---|---|---|
1 | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 8,405 people/km2 |
2 | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | 1,892 people/km2 |
3 | 🇲🇻 Maldives | 1,729 people/km2 |
4 | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | 1,180 people/km2 |
5 | 🇵🇸 Palestine | 912 people/km2 |
6 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan | 661 people/km2 |
7 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 515 people/km2 |
8 | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | 503 people/km2 |
9 | 🇮🇳 India | 437 people/km2 |
10 | 🇮🇱 Israel | 420 people/km2 |
11 | 🇵🇭 Philippines | 397 people/km2 |
12 | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | 334 people/km2 |
13 | 🇯🇵 Japan | 325 people/km2 |
14 | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | 306 people/km2 |
15 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 300 people/km2 |
16 | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 243 people/km2 |
17 | 🇶🇦 Qatar | 238 people/km2 |
18 | 🇰🇵 North Korea | 218 people/km2 |
19 | 🇳🇵 Nepal | 212 people/km2 |
20 | 🇨🇳 China | 149 people/km2 |
21 | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 146 people/km2 |
22 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 140 people/km2 |
23 | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | 136 people/km2 |
24 | 🇸🇾 Syria | 130 people/km2 |
25 | 🇯🇴 Jordan | 127 people/km2 |
26 | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 120 people/km2 |
27 | 🇹🇷 Turkey | 110 people/km2 |
28 | 🇮🇶 Iraq | 106 people/km2 |
29 | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 105 people/km2 |
30 | 🇦🇪 UAE | 97 people/km2 |
31 | 🇦🇲 Armenia | 94 people/km2 |
32 | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | 94 people/km2 |
33 | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | 92 people/km2 |
34 | 🇲🇲 Myanmar | 81 people/km2 |
35 | 🇧🇳 Brunei | 79 people/km2 |
36 | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | 79 people/km2 |
37 | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | 73 people/km2 |
38 | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | 66 people/km2 |
39 | 🇾🇪 Yemen | 63 people/km2 |
40 | 🇬🇪 Georgia | 54 people/km2 |
41 | 🇮🇷 Iran | 51 people/km2 |
42 | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | 34 people/km2 |
43 | 🇱🇦 Laos | 33 people/km2 |
44 | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | 21 people/km2 |
45 | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 17 people/km2 |
46 | 🇴🇲 Oman | 15 people/km2 |
47 | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 13 people/km2 |
48 | 🇷🇺 Russia | 8 people/km2 |
49 | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 7 people/km2 |
50 | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | 2 people/km2 |
Note: Russia and Georgia are typically regarded as European countries for cultural reasons, despite their geographic locations. They have been included in the dataset for context only.
Bangladesh, with 1,180 people/km², has the rare distinction of being a top five Asian country by both population and average population density.
Meanwhile, India is 9th in population density (437 people/km²), its large landmass bringing down the average considerably.
Similarly, China nearly breaks into the top 20 with a population density of 149 people/km². Despite its vast population, the country’s immense size presents a challenge, particularly in its western regions, which are largely inhospitable to substantial human settlement due to the presence of mountains, the Tibetan plateau, and two deserts.
At the bottom of the rankings, Mongolia (2 people/km²) and Kazakhstan (7 people/km²) are some of the least dense countries in the world.
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