Datastream
Comparing the Carbon Footprint of Transportation Options
The Briefing
- Flying domestically and driving alone are the most carbon-intensive travel methods
- Taking a train instead of a short flight could reduce your emissions by 84%
The Carbon Footprint of Transportation
As concern about climate change has grown, individuals are becoming increasingly conscious of their impact on the environment.
Transportation emissions often make up the largest portion of our individual carbon footprints. For that reason, evaluating transport options is a natural place to start, whether it is for a daily commute or a leisure trip abroad.
So, what’s the most eco-friendly way to go from one place to another?
The above infographic charts the carbon footprint of transportation per passenger-kilometer for different vehicles based on data from the UK Government’s methodology paper for greenhouse gas reporting.
Editor’s note: Because the original labels in the study are very UK-specific, we have changed the copy of some of the labels to better suit an international audience.
Planes, Trains and Automobiles: How Carbon Footprints Compare
The carbon footprint of transportation is measured in grams of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents emitted per person to travel one kilometer. This includes both carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Here’s how the carbon cost of travel compares for different means of transport:
Means of Transport | CO2 equivalent emissions per passenger km |
---|---|
Short Flight ✈️ | 255g |
Medium Car (Gasoline) 🚗 | 192g |
Medium Car (Diesel) 🚗 | 171g |
Medium Flight ✈️ | 156g |
Long Flight ✈️ | 150g |
Bus 🚌 | 105g |
Medium Motorcycle 🏍 | 103g |
Gasoline Car (Two Passenger) 🚘 | 96g |
Medium Electric Vehicle 🚙 | 53g |
National Rail 🚂 | 41g |
Ferry ⛴ | 19g |
Eurostar (International Rail) 🚞 | 6g |
Flying on a short flight or driving alone are the most carbon-intensive travel methods. However, adding one more passenger to your car ends up cutting the emissions in half, making driving more efficient.
Specifically, it’s worth breaking down categories of flights more, as their emissions depend greatly on their route length:
- Short Flights: For example, domestic flights within a European country, or flights within a U.S. state have the highest individual carbon footprint.
- Medium Flights: For example, international travel within Europe, or between U.S. states, have a significantly lower carbon footprint per person.
- Long Flights: Flights over 3,700 km (2,300 mi), about the distance from Los Angeles to New York, have the lowest carbon footprint per person.
Why are longer flights far more eco-friendly than short-range flights? It’s because take-off uses much more energy than the ‘cruise’ phase of a flight. For short flights, the efficient cruise phase is relatively short-lived.
Shrinking Your Travel Footprint
As the world works to mitigate the impact of climate change, people may want to identify and potentially reduce their daily carbon footprint. And choosing your method of transportation is one way to do so.
Of course, walking, biking, or running are the lowest-carbon ways to go from one place to another. But car-sharing can also reduce emissions, as can switching to electric vehicles or public transport.
Over medium-to-long distances, trains are the most eco-friendly option, and for short-range domestic travel, driving is better than taking a flight. But as some countries are bigger than others, always consider the total distance you need to travel, and the breadth of options you have available.
Where does this data come from?
Source: UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, Our World in Data
Datastream
Charting the Rise of Cross-Border Money Transfers (2015-2023)
With over 280 million immigrants transferring billions of dollars annually, the remittance industry has become more valuable than ever.
The Briefing
- 79% of remittance payments in 2022 were made to low and middle-income countries.
- Borderless, low-cost money transfer services like those provided by Wise can help immigrants support their families.
The Rise of Cross-Border Money Transfers
The remittance industry has experienced consistent growth recently, solidifying its position as a key component of the global financial landscape. Defined as the transfer of money from one country to another, usually to support a dependent, remittances play a pivotal role in providing food, healthcare, and education.
In this graphic, sponsored by Scottish Mortgage, we delve into the growth of the remittance industry, and the key factors propelling its success.
Powered by Immigration
With over 280 million immigrants worldwide, the remittance industry has an important place in our global society.
By exporting billions of dollars annually back to their starting nations, immigrants can greatly improve the livelihoods of their families and communities.
This is particularly true for low and middle-income countries, who in 2022 received, on average, 79% of remittance payments, according to Knomad, an initiative of the World Bank.
Year | Low/Middle Income (US$ Billion) | World Total (US$ Billion) |
---|---|---|
2015 | $447B | $602B |
2016 | $440B | $596B |
2017 | $477B | $638B |
2018 | $524B | $694B |
2019 | $546B | $722B |
2020 | $542B | $711B |
2021 | $597B | $781B |
2022 | $626B | $794B |
2023 | $639B | $815B |
India is one of the global leaders in receiving remittance payments. In 2022 alone, over $100 billion in remittances were sent to India, supporting many families.
Enter Wise
As the global remittance industry continues to grow, it is important to acknowledge the role played by innovative money transfer operators like Wise.
With an inclusive, user-centric platform and competitive exchange rates, Wise makes it easy and cost-effective for millions of individuals to send money home, worldwide.
Connection Without Borders
But Wise doesn’t just offer remittance solutions, the company offers a host of account services and a payment infrastructure that has helped over 6.1 million active customers move over $30 billion in the first quarter of 2023 alone.
Want to invest in transformative companies like Wise?
Discover Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust, a portfolio of some of the world’s most exciting growth companies.
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